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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>exponential_distribution</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">&lt; <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>&lrm; | <a href="cpp-numeric.html">numeric</a>&lrm; | <a href="cpp-numeric-random.html">random</a></span></div>
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<div>&#23450;&#20041;&#20110;&#22836;&#25991;&#20214; <code><a href="cpp-header-random.html">&lt;random&gt;</a></code></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> RealType <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> <span class="sy1">&gt;</span><br />
<span class="kw1">class</span> exponential_distribution<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 &#36215;)</span></td>
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<p>&#20135;&#29983;&#38543;&#26426;&#28014;&#28857;&#20540; <span class="mjax" style="display:none">\(\small x\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">x</span> &#65292;&#20998;&#24067;&#26381;&#20174;&#27010;&#29575;&#23494;&#24230;&#20989;&#25968;&#65306;</p>
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<dd><span class="mjax" style="display:none">\(\small P(x|\lambda) = \lambda e^{-\lambda x}\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">P(x|&lambda;) = &lambda;e<span class="t-su">-&lambda;x<br /></span></span></dd>
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<p>&#33509;&#38543;&#26426;&#20107;&#20214;&#20197;&#24120;&#25968;&#39057;&#29575; <span class="mjax" style="display:none">\(\small\lambda\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">&lambda;</span> &#20110;&#27599;&#20010;&#26102;&#38388;/&#36317;&#31163;&#21333;&#20301;&#21457;&#29983;&#65292;&#21017;&#33719;&#24471;&#30340;&#20540;&#20026;&#30452;&#33267;&#19979;&#27425;&#38543;&#26426;&#20107;&#20214;&#30340;&#26102;&#38388;/&#36317;&#31163;&#12290;&#20363;&#22914;&#65292;&#27492;&#20998;&#24067;&#25551;&#36848;&#30422;&#38761;&#35745;&#25968;&#22120;&#30340;&#28857;&#20987;&#38388;&#30340;&#26102;&#38388;&#65292;&#25110; DNA &#38142;&#20013;&#21464;&#24322;&#28857;&#38388;&#30340;&#36317;&#31163;&#12290;</p>
<p>&#36825;&#26159; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-random-geometric_distribution.html">std::geometric_distribution</a></span> &#30340;&#36830;&#32493;&#23545;&#24212;&#12290;</p>
<p><code>std::exponential_distribution</code> &#28385;&#36275;<a href="cpp-named_req-RandomNumberDistribution.html"><span style="font-style:italic">&#38543;&#26426;&#25968;&#20998;&#24067;</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, &#39;DejaVu Serif&#39;, serif; font-style:italic">(RandomNumberDistribution)</span></a> &#12290;</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF.E5.BD.A2.E5.8F.82">&#27169;&#26495;&#24418;&#21442;</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>RealType</td>
<td>-</td>
<td>&#29983;&#25104;&#22120;&#25152;&#29983;&#25104;&#30340;&#32467;&#26524;&#31867;&#22411;&#12290;&#33509;&#23427;&#19981;&#26159; <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">float</span></span></span> &#12289; <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">double</span></span></span> &#25110; <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">double</span></span></span> &#20043;&#19968;&#21017;&#25928;&#26524;&#26410;&#23450;&#20041;&#12290;</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">&#25104;&#21592;&#31867;&#22411;</span></h3>
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<td>&#25104;&#21592;&#31867;&#22411;</td>
<td>&#23450;&#20041;</td>
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<td><code>result_type</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td>
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">RealType</span></span></td>
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<td><code>param_type</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td>
<td>&#21442;&#25968;&#38598;&#30340;&#31867;&#22411;&#65292;&#35265;<a href="cpp-named_req-RandomNumberDistribution.html"><span style="font-style:italic">&#38543;&#26426;&#25968;&#20998;&#24067;</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, &#39;DejaVu Serif&#39;, serif; font-style:italic">(RandomNumberDistribution)</span></a> &#12290;</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;</span></h3>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-exponential_distribution.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(&#26500;&#36896;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
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<td>&#26500;&#36896;&#26032;&#20998;&#24067;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-reset.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>reset</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
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<td>&#37325;&#32622;&#20998;&#24067;&#30340;&#20869;&#37096;&#29366;&#24577;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.94.9F.E6.88.90">&#29983;&#25104;</span></h5>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-operator().html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator()</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
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<td>&#29983;&#25104;&#20998;&#24067;&#20013;&#30340;&#19979;&#20010;&#38543;&#26426;&#25968;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.89.B9.E5.BE.81">&#29305;&#24449;</span></h5>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-lambda.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>lambda</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#36820;&#22238; <i>lambda</i> &#20998;&#24067;&#21442;&#25968;&#65288;&#20107;&#20214;&#39057;&#29575;&#65289;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<td>
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-param.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>param</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
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<td>&#33719;&#21462;&#25110;&#35774;&#32622;&#38543;&#26426;&#21442;&#25968;&#23545;&#35937;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-min.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>min</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>&#36820;&#22238;&#26368;&#23567;&#30340;&#28508;&#22312;&#29983;&#25104;&#20540;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<td>
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-max.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>max</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
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<td>&#36820;&#22238;&#26368;&#22823;&#30340;&#28508;&#22312;&#29983;&#25104;&#20540;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
</tr>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">&#38750;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-operator_cmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 &#20013;&#31227;&#38500;)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</td>
<td>&#27604;&#36739;&#20004;&#20010;&#20998;&#24067;&#23545;&#35937;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-exponential_distribution-operator_ltltgtgt.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator&lt;&lt;</span><span>operator&gt;&gt;</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</td>
<td>&#25191;&#34892;&#20266;&#38543;&#26426;&#25968;&#20998;&#24067;&#30340;&#27969;&#36755;&#20837;&#21644;&#36755;&#20986;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20989;&#25968;&#27169;&#26495;)</span></td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">&#27880;&#35299;</span></h3>
<p>&#33509; <code>RealType</code> &#20026; <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">float</span></span></span> &#65292;&#21017;&#19968;&#20123;&#23454;&#29616;&#26377;&#26102;&#20250;&#36820;&#22238;&#26080;&#31351;&#22823;&#12290;&#27492;&#20026; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue2524">LWG &#38382;&#39064; 2524</a> &#12290;</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">&#31034;&#20363;</span></h3>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;iomanip&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;string&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;map&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;random&gt;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="cpp-numeric-random-random_device.html"><span class="kw1486">std::<span class="me2">random_device</span></span></a> rd<span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="cpp-numeric-random-mersenne_twister_engine.html"><span class="kw1489">std::<span class="me2">mt19937</span></span></a> gen<span class="br0">(</span>rd<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="co1">// &#33509;&#31890;&#23376;&#24179;&#22343;&#27599;&#31186;&#34928;&#21464;&#19968;&#27425;&#65292;</span>
<span class="co1">// &#21017;&#21040;&#19979;&#20010;&#34928;&#21464;&#21069;&#35201;&#22810;&#23569;&#31186;&#30340;&#26102;&#38388;&#65311;</span>
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">exponential_distribution</span><span class="sy1">&lt;&gt;</span> d<span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="cpp-container-map.html"><span class="kw1281">std::<span class="me2">map</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span>, <span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> hist<span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> n<span class="sy1">=</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> n<span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="nu0">10000</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>n<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
<span class="sy2">++</span>hist<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">2</span><span class="sy2">*</span>d<span class="br0">(</span>gen<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span> p <span class="sy4">:</span> hist<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1757">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-fixed.html"><span class="kw1783">std::<span class="me2">fixed</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-setprecision.html"><span class="kw1795">std::<span class="me2">setprecision</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> p.<span class="me1">first</span><span class="sy2">/</span><span class="nu16">2.0</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&#39;-&#39;</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="br0">(</span>p.<span class="me1">first</span><span class="sy2">+</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">/</span><span class="nu16">2.0</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span>
<span class="st0">&#39; &#39;</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>p.<span class="me1">second</span><span class="sy2">/</span><span class="nu0">200</span>, <span class="st0">&#39;*&#39;</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&#39;<span class="es1">\n</span>&#39;</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
</div>
<p>&#21487;&#33021;&#30340;&#36755;&#20986;&#65306;</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="text source-text">
<pre class="de1">0.0-0.5 *******************
0.5-1.0 ***********
1.0-1.5 *******
1.5-2.0 ****
2.0-2.5 **
2.5-3.0 *
3.0-3.5
3.5-4.0</pre></div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5">&#22806;&#37096;&#38142;&#25509;</span></h3>
<p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/ExponentialDistribution.html">Weisstein, Eric W. &ldquo;&#25351;&#25968;&#20998;&#24067;&#12290;&rdquo;</a>&#26469;&#33258; MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource &#12290;</p>
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