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<section id="module-codeop">
<span id="codeop-compile-python-code"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-codeop" title="codeop: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codeop</span></code></a> --- 编译Python代码<a class="headerlink" href="#module-codeop" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p><strong>源代码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.8/Lib/codeop.py">Lib/codeop.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-codeop" title="codeop: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codeop</span></code></a> 模块提供了可以模拟Python读取-执行-打印循环的实用程序，就像在 <a class="reference internal" href="code.html#module-code" title="code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">code</span></code></a> 模块中一样。因此，您可能不希望直接使用该模块；如果你想在程序中包含这样一个循环，你可能需要使用 <a class="reference internal" href="code.html#module-code" title="code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">code</span></code></a> 模块。</p>
<p>这个任务有两个部分:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>能够判断一行输入是否完成了一个Python语句：简而言之，告诉我们是否要打印'&quot;&gt;&gt;&gt;&quot;'或'&quot;...&quot;'。</p></li>
<li><p>记住用户已输入了哪些 future 语句，这样后续的输入可以在这些语句被启用的状态下被编译。</p></li>
</ol>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-codeop" title="codeop: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">codeop</span></code></a> 模块提供了分别以及同时执行这两个部分的方式。</p>
<p>只执行前一部分：</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="codeop.compile_command">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">codeop.</code><code class="sig-name descname">compile_command</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">source</em>, <em class="sig-param">filename=&quot;&lt;input&gt;&quot;</em>, <em class="sig-param">symbol=&quot;single&quot;</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#codeop.compile_command" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>尝试编译 <em>source</em>，这应当是一个 Python 代码字符串，并且在 <em>source</em> 是有效的 Python 代码时返回一个代码对象。 在此情况下，代码对象的 filename 属性将为 <em>filename</em>，其默认值为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'&lt;input&gt;'</span></code>。 如果 <em>source</em> <em>不是</em> 有效的 Python 代码而是有效的 Python 代码的一个前缀时将返回 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>。</p>
<p>如果 <em>source</em> 存在问题，将引发异常。 如果存在无效的 Python 语法将引发 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#SyntaxError" title="SyntaxError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxError</span></code></a>，而如果存在无效的字面值则将引发 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#OverflowError" title="OverflowError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OverflowError</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>。</p>
<p><em>symbol</em> 参数确定 <em>source</em> 是作为一条语句 (对应默认值 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'single'</span></code>)，作为一系列语句 (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'exec'</span></code>) 还是作为一个 <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-expression"><span class="xref std std-term">expression</span></a> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">'eval'</span></code>) 进行编译。 任何其他值都将导致引发 <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#ValueError" title="ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a>。</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
<p>解析器有可能（但很不常见）会在到达源码结尾之前停止解析并成功输出结果；在这种情况下，末尾的符号可能会被忽略而不是引发错误。 例如，一个反斜杠加两个换行符之后可以跟随任何无意义的符号。 一旦解析器 API 得到改进将修正这个问题。</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="codeop.Compile">
<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">codeop.</code><code class="sig-name descname">Compile</code><a class="headerlink" href="#codeop.Compile" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>这个类的实例具有 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__call__" title="object.__call__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__call__()</span></code></a> 方法，其签名与内置函数 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#compile" title="compile"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compile()</span></code></a> 相似，区别在于如果该实例编译了包含 <a class="reference internal" href="__future__.html#module-__future__" title="__future__: Future statement definitions"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__future__</span></code></a> 语句的程序文本，则实例会‘记住’并使用已生效的语句编译所有后续程序文本。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="codeop.CommandCompiler">
<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">codeop.</code><code class="sig-name descname">CommandCompiler</code><a class="headerlink" href="#codeop.CommandCompiler" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>这个类的实例具有 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__call__" title="object.__call__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__call__()</span></code></a> 方法，其签名与 <a class="reference internal" href="#codeop.compile_command" title="codeop.compile_command"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compile_command()</span></code></a> 相似；区别在于如果该实例编译了包含 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__future__</span></code> 语句的程序文本，则实例会‘记住’并使用已生效的语句编译编译所有后续程序文本。</p>
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