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<section id="module-stringprep">
<span id="stringprep-internet-string-preparation"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-stringprep" title="stringprep: String preparation, as per RFC 3453"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code></a> --- 因特网字符串预备<a class="headerlink" href="#module-stringprep" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p><strong>源代码:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.8/Lib/stringprep.py">Lib/stringprep.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>在标识因特网上的事物（例如主机名），经常需要比较这些标识是否（相等）。 这种比较的具体执行可能会取决于应用域的不同，例如是否要区分大小写等等。 有时也可能需要限制允许的标识为仅由“可打印”字符组成。</p>
<p><span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3454.html"><strong>RFC 3454</strong></a> 定义了在因特网协议中 Unicode 字符串的“预备”过程。 在将字符串连线传输之前，它们会先使用预备过程进行处理，之后它们将具有特定的标准形式。 该 RFC 定义了一系列表格，它们可以被组合为选项配置。 每个配置必须定义所使用的表格，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code> 过程的其他可选项也是配置的组成部分。 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code> 配置的一个例子是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nameprep</span></code>，它被用于国际化域名。</p>
<p>模块 <a class="reference internal" href="#module-stringprep" title="stringprep: String preparation, as per RFC 3453"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code></a> 仅公开了来自 <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="rfc reference external" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3454.html"><strong>RFC 3454</strong></a> 的表格。 由于这些如果表格如果表示为字典或列表将会非常庞大，该模块在内部使用 Unicode 字符数据库。 该模块本身的源代码是使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mkstringprep.py</span></code> 工具生成的。</p>
<p>因此，这些表格以函数而非数据结构的形式公开。 在 RFC 中有两种表格：集合与映射。 对于集合，<a class="reference internal" href="#module-stringprep" title="stringprep: String preparation, as per RFC 3453"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stringprep</span></code></a> 提供了“特征函数”，即如果形参是集合的一部分则返回值为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> 的函数。 对于映射，它提供了映射函数：它会根据给定的键返回所关联的值。 以下是模块中所有可用函数的列表。</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_a1">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_a1</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_a1" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableA.1 (Unicode 3.2 中的未分配码位)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_b1">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_b1</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_b1" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableB.1 (通常映射为空值)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.map_table_b2">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">map_table_b2</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.map_table_b2" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>返回 <em>code</em> 依据 tableB.2 (配合 NFKC 使用的大小写转换映射) 所映射的值。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.map_table_b3">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">map_table_b3</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.map_table_b3" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>返回 <em>code</em> 依据 tableB.3 (不附带正规化的大小写折叠映射) 所映射的值。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c11">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c11</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c11" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.1.1 (ASCII 空白字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c12">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c12</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c12" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.1.2 (非 ASCII 空白字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c11_c12">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c11_c12</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c11_c12" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.1 (空白字符，C.1.1 和 C.1.2 的并集)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c21">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c21</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c21" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.2.1 (ASCII 控制字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c22">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c22</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c22" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.2.2 (非 ASCII 控制字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c21_c22">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c21_c22</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c21_c22" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.2 (控制字符，C.2.1 和 C.2.2 的并集)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c3">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c3</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c3" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.3 (私有使用)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c4">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c4</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c4" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.4 (非字符码位)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c5">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c5</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c5" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.5 (替代码)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c6">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c6</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c6" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.6 (不适用于纯文本)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c7">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c7</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c7" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.7 (不适用于规范表示)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c8">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c8</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c8" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.8 (改变显示属性或已弃用)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_c9">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_c9</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_c9" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableC.9 (标记字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_d1">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_d1</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_d1" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableD.1 (带有双向属性 &quot;R&quot; 或 &quot;AL&quot; 的字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stringprep.in_table_d2">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">stringprep.</code><code class="sig-name descname">in_table_d2</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">code</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stringprep.in_table_d2" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>确定 <em>code</em> 是否属于 tableD.2 (带有双向属性 &quot;L&quot; 的字符)。</p>
</dd></dl>
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