568 lines
31 KiB
HTML
568 lines
31 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<title>std::list</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="ext.css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_modules.css" />
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_container_list skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
|
|
<div id="cpp-content-base">
|
|
<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
|
|
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>list</h1>
|
|
<div id="bodyContent">
|
|
<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container.html">container</a></span></div>
|
|
<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<table class="t-dcl-begin">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-list.html"><list></a></code></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
|
|
<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> T,<br />
|
|
<span class="kw1">class</span> Allocator <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-memory-allocator.html"><span class="kw700">std::<span class="me2">allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
|
|
<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw1">class</span> list<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(1)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">namespace</span> pmr <span class="br0">{</span><br /></span>
|
|
<p> <span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
<span class="kw1">using</span> list <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">list</span><span class="sy1"><</span>T, <a href="cpp-memory-polymorphic_allocator.html"><span class="kw707">std::<span class="me2">pmr</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">polymorphic_allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">>></span><span class="sy4">;</span><br /></p>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(2)</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><code>std::list</code> 是支持常数时间从容器任何位置插入和移除元素的容器。不支持快速随机访问。它通常实现为双向链表。与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-forward_list.html">std::forward_list</a></span> 相比，此容器提供双向迭代但在空间上效率稍低。</p>
|
|
<p>在 list 内或在数个 list 间添加、移除和移动元素不会非法化迭代器或引用。迭代器仅在对应元素被删除时非法化。</p>
|
|
<p><code>std::list</code> 满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Container.html"><span style="font-style:italic">容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Container)</span></a> 、<a href="cpp-named_req-AllocatorAwareContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">知分配器容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(AllocatorAwareContainer)</span></a> 、<a href="cpp-named_req-SequenceContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">序列容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(SequenceContainer)</span></a> 及<a href="cpp-named_req-ReversibleContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可逆容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(ReversibleContainer)</span></a> 的要求。</p>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF.E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">模板参数</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-par-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-par">
|
|
<td>T</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>元素的类型。
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>T</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-CopyAssignable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可复制赋值</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyAssignable)</span></a> 和<a href="cpp-named_req-CopyConstructible.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可复制构造</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyConstructible)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11 t-until-cxx17">
|
|
<td>加诸元素的要求依赖于容器上进行的实际操作。泛言之，要求元素类型是完整类型并满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Erasable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可擦除</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Erasable)</span></a> 的要求，但许多成员函数附带了更严格的要求。</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx17">
|
|
<td>加诸元素的要求依赖于容器上进行的实际操作。泛言之，要求元素类型满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Erasable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可擦除</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Erasable)</span></a> 的要求，但许多成员函数附带了更严格的要求。若分配器满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Allocator.html#.E5.88.86.E9.85.8D.E5.99.A8.E5.AE.8C.E6.95.B4.E6.80.A7.E8.A6.81.E6.B1.82">分配器完整性要求</a>，则容器（但非其成员）能以不完整元素类型实例化。</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-par">
|
|
<td>Allocator</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>用于获取/释放内存及构造/析构内存中元素的分配器。类型必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Allocator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">分配器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Allocator)</span></a> 的要求。若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Allocator<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value_type</span></span></span> 与 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">T</span></span> 不同则<span class="t-rev-inl t-until-cxx20"><span>行为未定义</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span></span><span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx20"><span>程序非良构</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></span></span>。</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
|
|
<td>成员类型</td>
|
|
<td>定义</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>value_type</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>T</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>allocator_type</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>Allocator</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>size_type</code></td>
|
|
<td>无符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-types-size_t.html">std::size_t</a></span> ）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>difference_type</code></td>
|
|
<td>有符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-types-ptrdiff_t.html">std::ptrdiff_t</a></span> ）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>reference</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">value_type<span class="sy3">&</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_reference</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span> value_type<span class="sy3">&</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>Allocator::pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-memory-allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">pointer</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>Allocator::const_pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-memory-allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">const_pointer</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td>指向 <code>value_type</code> 的<a href="cpp-named_req-BidirectionalIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式双向迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyBidirectionalIterator)</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td>指向 <code>const value_type</code> 的<a href="cpp-named_req-BidirectionalIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式双向迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyBidirectionalIterator)</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>reverse_iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-iterator-reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>iterator<span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_reverse_iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-iterator-reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>const_iterator<span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-list.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>构造 <code>list</code><br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-~list.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>析构 <code>list</code><br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-operator=.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>赋值给容器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-assign.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>assign</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将值赋给容器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-get_allocator.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>get_allocator</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回相关的分配器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE">元素访问</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问第一个元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问最后一个元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8">迭代器</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-begin.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>begin</span> <span>cbegin</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向起始的迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-end.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>end</span> <span>cend</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向末尾的迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-rbegin.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>rbegin</span><span>crbegin</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向起始的逆向迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-rend.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>rend</span><span>crend</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向末尾的逆向迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.AE.B9.E9.87.8F">容量</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-empty.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>检查容器是否为空<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>size</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回容纳的元素数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-max_size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>max_size</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回可容纳的最大元素数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">修改器</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-clear.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>clear</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>清除内容<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-insert.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>insert</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>插入元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-emplace.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>原位构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-erase.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>擦除元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-push_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>push_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将元素添加到容器末尾<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-emplace_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>在容器末尾就地构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-pop_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>pop_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>移除末元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-push_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>push_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>插入元素到容器起始<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-emplace_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>在容器头部原位构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-pop_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>pop_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>移除首元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-resize.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>resize</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>改变容器中可存储元素的个数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-swap.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>交换内容<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.93.8D.E4.BD.9C">操作</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-merge.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>merge</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>合并二个已排序列表<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-splice.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>splice</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>从另一个<code>list</code>中移动元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-remove.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>remove</span><span>remove_if</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>移除满足特定标准的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-reverse.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>reverse</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将该链表的所有元素的顺序反转<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-unique.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>unique</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>删除连续的重复元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-sort.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>sort</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>对元素进行排序<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-operator_cmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator<</span><span>operator<=</span><span>operator></span><span>operator>=</span><span>operator<=></span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>按照字典顺序比较 list 中的值<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::list)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap.html">std::swap</a></span> 算法<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-list-erase2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::list)</span></span><span>erase_if<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::list)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>擦除所有满足特定判别标准的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95.28C.2B.2B17_.E8.B5.B7.29"><a href="cpp-container-list-deduction_guides.html">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></h3>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
|
|
<div class="t-example">
|
|
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
|
|
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <algorithm></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <list></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// 创建含整数的 list</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">list</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span> l <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span>, <span class="nu0">16</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 添加整数到 list 开头</span>
|
|
l.<span class="me1">push_front</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">25</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// 添加整数到 list 结尾</span>
|
|
l.<span class="me1">push_back</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">13</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 以搜索插入 16 前的值</span>
|
|
<span class="kw4">auto</span> it <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-algorithm-find_if_not.html"><span class="kw1572">std::<span class="me2">find</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>l.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, l.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, <span class="nu0">16</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>it <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> l.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
l.<span class="me1">insert</span><span class="br0">(</span>it, <span class="nu0">42</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 迭代并打印 list 的值</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy4">:</span> l<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1756">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> n <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>输出：</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="text source-text">
|
|
<pre class="de1">25
|
|
7
|
|
5
|
|
42
|
|
16
|
|
8
|
|
13</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="visualClear"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|