155 lines
15 KiB
HTML
155 lines
15 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<title>std::span 的推导指引</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="ext.css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_modules.css" />
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_container_span_deduction_guides skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
|
|
<div id="cpp-content-base">
|
|
<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
|
|
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><code>std::span</code> 的推导指引</h1>
|
|
<div id="bodyContent">
|
|
<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container.html">container</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container-span.html">span</a></span></div>
|
|
<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<table class="t-dcl-begin">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-span.html"><span></a></code></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> It, <span class="kw1">class</span> EndOrSize<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
span<span class="br0">(</span>It, EndOrSize<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">></span> span<span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-types-remove_reference.html"><span class="kw607">std::<span class="me2">remove_reference_t</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iter_reference_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>It<span class="sy1">>>></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(1)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> N<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
span<span class="br0">(</span>T <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span>N<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">></span> span<span class="sy1"><</span>T, N<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(2)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> N<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
span<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-container-array.html"><span class="kw1268">std::<span class="me2">array</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T, N<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">></span> span<span class="sy1"><</span>T, N<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(3)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> N<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
span<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-container-array.html"><span class="kw1268">std::<span class="me2">array</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T, N<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">></span> span<span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">const</span> T, N<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(4)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> R<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
span<span class="br0">(</span>R<span class="sy3">&&</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="sy1">></span> span<span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-types-remove_reference.html"><span class="kw607">std::<span class="me2">remove_reference_t</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ranges</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">range_reference_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R<span class="sy1">>>></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(5)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>为 <code>span</code> 提供下列<a href="cpp-language-class_template_argument_deduction.html">推导指引</a>。</p>
|
|
<p><span class="t-v">(1)</span> 允许从迭代器-哨位对推导元素类型。此重载仅若 <code>It</code> 满足 <a href="cpp-iterator-contiguous_iterator.html"><code>contiguous_iterator</code></a> 才参与重载决议。</p>
|
|
<p><span class="t-v">(2-4)</span> 允许从内建数组与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-array.html">std::array</a></span> 推导静态长度。</p>
|
|
<p><span class="t-v">(5)</span> 允许从范围推导元素类型。此重载仅若 <code>R</code> 满足 <a href="cpp-ranges-contiguous_range.html"><code>contiguous_range</code></a> 才参与重载决议。</p>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
|
|
<div class="t-example">
|
|
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
|
|
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <array></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <cstddef></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <iomanip></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <span></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <string_view></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <vector></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">void</span> print<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-string-basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1248">std::<span class="me2">string_view</span></span></a> rem <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">""</span>, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> size_of <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span>, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> extent <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>rem.<span class="me1">empty</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"name │ sizeof │ extent<span class="es1">\n</span>─────┼────────┼────────<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">return</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-setw.html"><span class="kw1797">std::<span class="me2">setw</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">4</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> rem <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" │ "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-setw.html"><span class="kw1797">std::<span class="me2">setw</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">6</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> size_of <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" │ "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>extent <span class="sy1">==</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">dynamic_extent</span><span class="br0">)</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"dynamic"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">else</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> extent<span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> a<span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">1</span>, <span class="nu0">2</span>, <span class="nu0">3</span>, <span class="nu0">4</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s1 <span class="br0">{</span><a href="cpp-iterator-begin.html"><span class="kw676">std::<span class="me2">begin</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>a<span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="cpp-iterator-end.html"><span class="kw680">std::<span class="me2">end</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>a<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (1)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s1"</span>, sizeof s1, s1.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s2 <span class="br0">{</span><a href="cpp-iterator-begin.html"><span class="kw676">std::<span class="me2">begin</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>a<span class="br0">)</span>, <span class="nu0">3</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (1)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s2"</span>, sizeof s2, s2.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s3 <span class="br0">{</span>a<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (2)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s3"</span>, sizeof s3, s3.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span> s4 <span class="br0">{</span>a<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 不使用指引,制作动态 span</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s4"</span>, sizeof s4, s4.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<a href="cpp-container-array.html"><span class="kw1268">std::<span class="me2">array</span></span></a> arr <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">6</span>, <span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s5 <span class="br0">{</span>arr<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (3)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s5"</span>, sizeof s5, s5.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
s5<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">42</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// OK, element_type is 'int'</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-container-array.html"><span class="kw1268">std::<span class="me2">array</span></span></a> arr2 <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">9</span>, <span class="nu0">10</span>, <span class="nu0">11</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s6 <span class="br0">{</span>arr2<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (4)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s6"</span>, sizeof s6, s6.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// s6[0] = 42; // Error: element_type is 'const int'</span>
|
|
|
|
<a href="cpp-container-vector.html"><span class="kw1269">std::<span class="me2">vector</span></span></a> v <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">66</span>, <span class="nu0">69</span>, <span class="nu0">99</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">span</span> s7 <span class="br0">{</span>v<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 指引 (5)</span>
|
|
print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"s7"</span>, sizeof s7, s7.<span class="me1">extent</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>输出:</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="text source-text">
|
|
<pre class="de1">
|
|
name │ sizeof │ extent
|
|
─────┼────────┼────────
|
|
s1 │ 16 │ dynamic
|
|
s2 │ 16 │ dynamic
|
|
s3 │ 8 │ 5
|
|
s4 │ 16 │ dynamic
|
|
s5 │ 8 │ 3
|
|
s6 │ 8 │ 3
|
|
s7 │ 16 │ dynamic</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="visualClear"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|