203 lines
14 KiB
HTML
203 lines
14 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::destroy_n</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_memory_destroy_n skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>destroy_n</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-memory.html">memory</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-memory.html"><memory></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> ForwardIt, <span class="kw1">class</span> Size <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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ForwardIt destroy_n<span class="br0">(</span> ForwardIt first, Size n <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> ForwardIt, <span class="kw1">class</span> Size <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> ForwardIt destroy_n<span class="br0">(</span> ForwardIt first, Size n <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tbody>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> ExecutionPolicy, <span class="kw1">class</span> ForwardIt, <span class="kw1">class</span> Size <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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ForwardIt destroy_n<span class="br0">(</span> ExecutionPolicy<span class="sy3">&&</span> policy, ForwardIt first, Size n <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 销毁从 <code>first</code> 开始的范围中的 <code>n</code> 个对象，如同用
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy4">;</span> n <span class="sy1">></span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>first, <span class="sy2">--</span>n<span class="br0">)</span>
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<a href="cpp-memory-destroy_at.html"><span class="kw728">std::<span class="me2">destroy_at</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-memory-addressof.html"><span class="kw756">std::<span class="me2">addressof</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>first<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></pre></div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，但按照 <code>policy</code> 执行。此重载仅若 <span class="t-rev-inl t-until-cxx20"><span><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-algorithm-is_execution_policy.html"><span class="kw1563">std::<span class="me2">is_execution_policy_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-types-decay.html"><span class="kw629">std::<span class="me2">decay_t</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>ExecutionPolicy<span class="sy1">>></span></span></span></span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span></span><span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx20"><span><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-algorithm-is_execution_policy.html"><span class="kw1563">std::<span class="me2">is_execution_policy_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">remove_cvref_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ExecutionPolicy<span class="sy1">>></span></span></span></span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></span></span> 为 true 才参与重载决议。</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>first</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要销毁的元素范围的起始</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>n</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要销毁的元素数目</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>policy</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>所用的执行策略。细节见<a href="cpp-algorithm-execution_policy_tag_t.html">执行策略</a>。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par-hitem">
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<td colspan="3">类型要求</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<div class="spacer"></div>
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<code>ForwardIt</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-ForwardIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式向前迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyForwardIterator)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<div class="spacer"></div>
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通过 <code>ForwardIt</code> 合法实例的自增、赋值、比较或间接均不抛出异常。</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>已被销毁的元素的范围结尾（即 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-iterator-next.html"><span class="kw674">std::<span class="me2">next</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>first, n<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ）。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
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<p>与 <code>n</code> 成线性。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
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<p>拥有名为 <code>ExecutionPolicy</code> 的模板形参的重载按下列方式报告错误：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>若作为算法一部分调用的函数的执行抛出异常，且 <code>ExecutionPolicy</code> 为<a href="cpp-algorithm-execution_policy_tag_t.html">标准策略</a>之一，则调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-error-terminate.html">std::terminate</a></span> 。对于任何其他 <code>ExecutionPolicy</code> ，行为是实现定义的。</li>
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<li>若算法无法分配内存，则抛出 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-memory-new-bad_alloc.html">std::bad_alloc</a></span> 。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.AF.E8.83.BD.E7.9A.84.E5.AE.9E.E7.8E.B0">可能的实现</span></h3>
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<table class="eq-fun-cpp-table">
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> ForwardIt, <span class="kw1">class</span> Size<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> <span class="co1">// C++20 起</span>
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ForwardIt destroy_n<span class="br0">(</span> ForwardIt first, Size n <span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy4">;</span> n <span class="sy1">></span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>first, <span class="sy2">--</span>n<span class="br0">)</span>
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<a href="cpp-memory-destroy_at.html"><span class="kw728">std::<span class="me2">destroy_at</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-memory-addressof.html"><span class="kw756">std::<span class="me2">addressof</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>first<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> first<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<p>下列示例演示如何用 <code>destroy_n</code> 销毁元素的相接序列。</p>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <memory></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <new></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="kw1">struct</span> Tracer <span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> value<span class="sy4">;</span>
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~Tracer<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1757">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> value <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" destructed<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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alignas<span class="br0">(</span>Tracer<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">unsigned</span> <span class="kw4">char</span> buffer<span class="br0">[</span>sizeof<span class="br0">(</span>Tracer<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">*</span> <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> i <span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>i<span class="br0">)</span>
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new<span class="br0">(</span>buffer <span class="sy2">+</span> sizeof<span class="br0">(</span>Tracer<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">*</span> i<span class="br0">)</span> Tracer<span class="br0">{</span>i<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 手工构造对象</span>
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<span class="kw4">auto</span> ptr <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-utility-launder.html"><span class="kw1121">std::<span class="me2">launder</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw1">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="sy1"><</span>Tracer<span class="sy2">*</span><span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">(</span>buffer<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">destroy_n</span><span class="br0">(</span>ptr, <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">0 destructed
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1 destructed
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2 destructed
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3 destructed
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4 destructed
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5 destructed
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6 destructed
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7 destructed</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-memory-destroy.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>destroy</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>销毁一个范围中的对象<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-memory-destroy_at.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>destroy_at</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>销毁在给定地址的对象<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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