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<section id="python-initialization-configuration">
<span id="init-config"></span><h1>Python初始化配置<a class="headerlink" href="#python-initialization-configuration" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.8 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
<p>结构</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWideStringList</span></code></a></p></li>
</ul>
<p>函数</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_Clear" title="PyConfig_Clear"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_Clear()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="PyConfig_InitPythonConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_Read" title="PyConfig_Read"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_Read()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetArgv" title="PyConfig_SetArgv"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetArgv()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetBytesArgv" title="PyConfig_SetBytesArgv"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetBytesArgv()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetBytesString" title="PyConfig_SetBytesString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetBytesString()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetString" title="PyConfig_SetString"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetString()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetWideStringList" title="PyConfig_SetWideStringList"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetWideStringList()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Error" title="PyStatus_Error"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Error()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Exception" title="PyStatus_Exception"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exception()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Exit" title="PyStatus_Exit"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exit()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_IsError" title="PyStatus_IsError"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_IsError()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_IsExit" title="PyStatus_IsExit"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_IsExit()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_NoMemory" title="PyStatus_NoMemory"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_NoMemory()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Ok" title="PyStatus_Ok"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Ok()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList_Append" title="PyWideStringList_Append"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWideStringList_Append()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList_Insert" title="PyWideStringList_Insert"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyWideStringList_Insert()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_ExitStatusException" title="Py_ExitStatusException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ExitStatusException()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="Py_InitializeFromConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InitializeFromConfig()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitialize" title="Py_PreInitialize"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitialize()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromArgs" title="Py_PreInitializeFromArgs"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitializeFromArgs()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs" title="Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs()</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a></p></li>
</ul>
<p>The preconfiguration (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig</span></code> type) is stored in
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_PyRuntime.preconfig</span></code> and the configuration (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code> type) is stored in
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyInterpreterState.config</span></code>.</p>
<p>参见 <a class="reference internal" href="init.html#initialization"><span class="std std-ref">Initialization, Finalization, and Threads</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">参见</p>
<p><span class="target" id="index-11"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0587"><strong>PEP 587</strong></a> &quot;Python 初始化配置&quot;.</p>
</div>
<section id="pywidestringlist">
<h2>PyWideStringList<a class="headerlink" href="#pywidestringlist" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<dl class="type">
<dt id="c.PyWideStringList">
<code class="sig-name descname">PyWideStringList</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>由 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wchar_t*</span></code> 字符串组成的列表。</p>
<p>如果 <em>length</em> 为非零值，则 <em>items</em> 必须不为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code> 并且所有字符串均必须不为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
<p>方法</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyWideStringList_Append">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyWideStringList_Append</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a><em> *list</em>, const wchar_t<em> *item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyWideStringList_Append" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>将 <em>item</em> 添加到 <em>list</em>。</p>
<p>Python 必须被预初始化以便调用此函数。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyWideStringList_Insert">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyWideStringList_Insert</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> index</em>, const wchar_t<em> *item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyWideStringList_Insert" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>将 <em>item</em> 插入到 <em>list</em> 的 <em>index</em> 位置上。</p>
<p>如果 <em>index</em> 大于等于 <em>list</em> 的长度，则将 <em>item</em> 添加到 <em>list</em>。</p>
<p><em>index</em> must be greater than or equal to 0.</p>
<p>Python 必须被预初始化以便调用此函数。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>结构体字段:</p>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyWideStringList.length">
Py_ssize_t <code class="sig-name descname">length</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyWideStringList.length" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>List 长度。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyWideStringList.items">
wchar_t** <code class="sig-name descname">items</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyWideStringList.items" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>列表项目。</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="pystatus">
<h2>PyStatus<a class="headerlink" href="#pystatus" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<dl class="type">
<dt id="c.PyStatus">
<code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>存储初始函数状态：成功、错误或退出的结构体。</p>
<p>对于错误，它可以存储造成错误的 C 函数的名称。</p>
<p>结构体字段:</p>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyStatus.exitcode">
int <code class="sig-name descname">exitcode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus.exitcode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>退出码。 传给 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exit()</span></code> 的参数。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyStatus.err_msg">
const char *<code class="sig-name descname">err_msg</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus.err_msg" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>错误信息</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyStatus.func">
const char *<code class="sig-name descname">func</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus.func" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>造成错误的函数的名称，可以为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>创建状态的函数:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_Ok">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_Ok</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>void<span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_Ok" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>完成。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_Error">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_Error</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>const char<em> *err_msg</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_Error" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>带消息的初始化错误。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_NoMemory">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_NoMemory</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>void<span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_NoMemory" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>内存分配失败（内存不足）。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_Exit">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_Exit</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>int<em> exitcode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_Exit" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>以指定的退出代码退出 Python。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>处理状态的函数:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_Exception">
int <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_Exception</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a><em> status</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_Exception" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>状态为错误还是退出？如为真值，则异常必须被处理；例如通过调用 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_ExitStatusException" title="Py_ExitStatusException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ExitStatusException()</span></code></a>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_IsError">
int <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_IsError</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a><em> status</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_IsError" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>结果错误吗？</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyStatus_IsExit">
int <code class="sig-name descname">PyStatus_IsExit</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a><em> status</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyStatus_IsExit" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>结果是否退出？</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_ExitStatusException">
void <code class="sig-name descname">Py_ExitStatusException</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a><em> status</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_ExitStatusException" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如果 <em>status</em> 是一个退出码则调用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exit(exitcode)</span></code>。如果 <em>status</em> 是一个错误码则打印错误消息并设置一个非零退出码再退出。 必须在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exception(status)</span></code> 为非零值时才能被调用。</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
<p>在内部，Python 将使用设置 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus.func</span></code> 的宏，而创建状态的函数则会将 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">func</span></code> 设为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>。</p>
</div>
<p>示例:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">size_t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyMem_RawMalloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">size</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">NULL</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus_NoMemory</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus_Ok</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">alloc</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">16</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyMem_Free</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ptr</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="pypreconfig">
<h2>PyPreConfig<a class="headerlink" href="#pypreconfig" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<dl class="type">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig">
<code class="sig-name descname">PyPreConfig</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Structure used to preinitialize Python:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Set the Python memory allocator</p></li>
<li><p>Configure the LC_CTYPE locale</p></li>
<li><p>设置为 UTF-8 模式</p></li>
</ul>
<p>用于初始化预先配置的函数:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig">
void <code class="sig-name descname">PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig">PyPreConfig</a><em> *preconfig</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>通过 <a class="reference internal" href="#init-python-config"><span class="std std-ref">Python 配置</span></a> 来初始化预先配置。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig">
void <code class="sig-name descname">PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig">PyPreConfig</a><em> *preconfig</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>通过 <a class="reference internal" href="#init-isolated-conf"><span class="std std-ref">隔离配置</span></a> 来初始化预先配置。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>结构体字段:</p>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.allocator">
int <code class="sig-name descname">allocator</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.allocator" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Name of the memory allocator:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_NOT_SET</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>): don't change memory allocators
(use defaults)</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_DEFAULT</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>): default memory allocators</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_DEBUG</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code>): default memory allocators with
debug hooks</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MALLOC</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">3</span></code>): force usage of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">malloc()</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_MALLOC_DEBUG</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">4</span></code>): force usage of
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">malloc()</span></code> with debug hooks</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">5</span></code>): <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#pymalloc"><span class="std std-ref">Python pymalloc memory
allocator</span></a></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC_DEBUG</span></code> (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">6</span></code>): <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#pymalloc"><span class="std std-ref">Python pymalloc
memory allocator</span></a> with debug hooks</p></li>
</ul>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_PYMALLOC_DEBUG</span></code>
are not supported if Python is configured using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--without-pymalloc</span></code></p>
<p>参见 <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#memory"><span class="std std-ref">Memory Management</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.configure_locale">
int <code class="sig-name descname">configure_locale</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.configure_locale" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the LC_CTYPE locale to the user preferred locale? If equals to 0, set
<code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">coerce_c_locale</span></code> and <code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">coerce_c_locale_warn</span></code> to 0.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale">
int <code class="sig-name descname">coerce_c_locale</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If equals to 2, coerce the C locale; if equals to 1, read the LC_CTYPE
locale to decide if it should be coerced.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale_warn">
int <code class="sig-name descname">coerce_c_locale_warn</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.coerce_c_locale_warn" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如为非零值，则会在 C 语言区域被强制转换时发出警告。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.dev_mode">
int <code class="sig-name descname">dev_mode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.dev_mode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>参见 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.dev_mode" title="PyConfig.dev_mode"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.dev_mode</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.isolated">
int <code class="sig-name descname">isolated</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.isolated" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>参见 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.isolated" title="PyConfig.isolated"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.isolated</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding">
int <code class="sig-name descname">legacy_windows_fs_encoding</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>Windows<em> only</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.legacy_windows_fs_encoding" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, disable UTF-8 Mode, set the Python filesystem encoding to
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mbcs</span></code>, set the filesystem error handler to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replace</span></code>.</p>
<p>仅在 Windows 上可用。 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#ifdef</span> <span class="pre">MS_WINDOWS</span></code> 宏可被用于 Windows 专属的代码。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.parse_argv">
int <code class="sig-name descname">parse_argv</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.parse_argv" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如为非零值，<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromArgs" title="Py_PreInitializeFromArgs"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitializeFromArgs()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs" title="Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs()</span></code></a> 将以与常规 Python 解析命令行参数的相同方式解析其 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code> 参数：参见 <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-cmdline"><span class="std std-ref">命令行参数</span></a>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.use_environment">
int <code class="sig-name descname">use_environment</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.use_environment" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>参见 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.use_environment" title="PyConfig.use_environment"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.use_environment</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyPreConfig.utf8_mode">
int <code class="sig-name descname">utf8_mode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyPreConfig.utf8_mode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, enable the UTF-8 mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
</section>
<section id="preinitialization-with-pypreconfig">
<h2>Preinitialization with PyPreConfig<a class="headerlink" href="#preinitialization-with-pypreconfig" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>用于预初始化 Python 的函数：</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_PreInitialize">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">Py_PreInitialize</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>const <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig">PyPreConfig</a><em> *preconfig</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_PreInitialize" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>根据 <em>preconfig</em> 预配置来预初始化 Python。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>const <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig">PyPreConfig</a><em> *preconfig</em>, int<em> argc</em>, char * const<em> *argv</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromBytesArgs" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Preinitialize Python from <em>preconfig</em> preconfiguration and command line
arguments (bytes strings).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_PreInitializeFromArgs">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">Py_PreInitializeFromArgs</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>const <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig">PyPreConfig</a><em> *preconfig</em>, int<em> argc</em>, wchar_t * const *<em> argv</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_PreInitializeFromArgs" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Preinitialize Python from <em>preconfig</em> preconfiguration and command line
arguments (wide strings).</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>调用方要负责使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Exception" title="PyStatus_Exception"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exception()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_ExitStatusException" title="Py_ExitStatusException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ExitStatusException()</span></code></a> 来处理异常（错误或退出）。</p>
<p>For <a class="reference internal" href="#init-python-config"><span class="std std-ref">Python Configuration</span></a>
(<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig()</span></code></a>), if Python is initialized with
command line arguments, the command line arguments must also be passed to
preinitialize Python, since they have an effect on the pre-configuration
like encodings. For example, the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#id5"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">utf8</span></code></a> command line option
enables the UTF-8 Mode.</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_SetAllocator()</span></code> 可在 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitialize" title="Py_PreInitialize"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitialize()</span></code></a> 之后、<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="Py_InitializeFromConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InitializeFromConfig()</span></code></a> 之前被调用以安装自定义的内存分配器。 如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig.allocator" title="PyPreConfig.allocator"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig.allocator</span></code></a> 被设为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYMEM_ALLOCATOR_NOT_SET</span></code> 则可在 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_PreInitialize" title="Py_PreInitialize"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_PreInitialize()</span></code></a> 之前被调用。</p>
<p>Python memory allocation functions like <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#c.PyMem_RawMalloc" title="PyMem_RawMalloc"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyMem_RawMalloc()</span></code></a> must not be
used before Python preinitialization, whereas calling directly <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">malloc()</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">free()</span></code> is always safe. <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#c.Py_DecodeLocale" title="Py_DecodeLocale"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DecodeLocale()</span></code></a> must not be called before
the preinitialization.</p>
<p>Example using the preinitialization to enable the UTF-8 Mode:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">PyPreConfig</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">preconfig</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">preconfig</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="n">preconfig</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">utf8_mode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_PreInitialize</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">preconfig</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="cm">/* at this point, Python will speak UTF-8 */</span>
<span class="n">Py_Initialize</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="cm">/* ... use Python API here ... */</span>
<span class="n">Py_Finalize</span><span class="p">();</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="pyconfig">
<h2>PyConfig<a class="headerlink" href="#pyconfig" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<dl class="type">
<dt id="c.PyConfig">
<code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>包含了大部分用于配置 Python 的形参的结构体。</p>
<p>结构体方法:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_InitPythonConfig">
void <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Initialize configuration with <a class="reference internal" href="#init-python-config"><span class="std std-ref">Python Configuration</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig">
void <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Initialize configuration with <a class="reference internal" href="#init-isolated-conf"><span class="std std-ref">Isolated Configuration</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_SetString">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_SetString</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em>, wchar_t * const<em> *config_str</em>, const wchar_t<em> *str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_SetString" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>将宽字符串 <em>str</em> 拷贝至 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*config_str</span></code>。</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_SetBytesString">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_SetBytesString</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em>, wchar_t * const<em> *config_str</em>, const char<em> *str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_SetBytesString" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Decode <em>str</em> using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DecodeLocale()</span></code> and set the result into <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">*config_str</span></code>.</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_SetArgv">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_SetArgv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em>, int<em> argc</em>, wchar_t * const<em> *argv</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_SetArgv" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set command line arguments from wide character strings.</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_SetBytesArgv">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_SetBytesArgv</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em>, int<em> argc</em>, char * const<em> *argv</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_SetBytesArgv" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Set command line arguments: decode bytes using <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#c.Py_DecodeLocale" title="Py_DecodeLocale"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_DecodeLocale()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_SetWideStringList">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_SetWideStringList</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> length</em>, wchar_t<em> **items</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_SetWideStringList" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>将宽字符串列表 <em>list</em> 设置为 <em>length</em> 和 <em>items</em>。</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_Read">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_Read</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_Read" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>读取所有 Python 配置。</p>
<p>已经初始化的字段会保持不变。</p>
<p>Preinitialize Python if needed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.PyConfig_Clear">
void <code class="sig-name descname">PyConfig_Clear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig_Clear" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>释放配置内存</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>Most <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code> methods preinitialize Python if needed. In that case, the
Python preinitialization configuration in based on the <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a>.
If configuration fields which are in common with <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig" title="PyPreConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig</span></code></a> are
tuned, they must be set before calling a <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a> method:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.dev_mode" title="PyConfig.dev_mode"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">dev_mode</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.isolated" title="PyConfig.isolated"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isolated</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.parse_argv" title="PyConfig.parse_argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_argv</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.use_environment" title="PyConfig.use_environment"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">use_environment</span></code></a></p></li>
</ul>
<p>Moreover, if <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetArgv" title="PyConfig_SetArgv"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetArgv()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_SetBytesArgv" title="PyConfig_SetBytesArgv"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_SetBytesArgv()</span></code></a>
is used, this method must be called first, before other methods, since the
preinitialization configuration depends on command line arguments (if
<code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_argv</span></code> is non-zero).</p>
<p>这些方法的调用者要负责使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exception()</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ExitStatusException()</span></code> 来处理异常（错误或退出）。</p>
<p>结构体字段:</p>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.argv">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a> <code class="sig-name descname">argv</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Command line arguments, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.argv" title="sys.argv"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code></a>. See
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.parse_argv" title="PyConfig.parse_argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_argv</span></code></a> to parse <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code></a> the
same way the regular Python parses Python command line arguments. If
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code></a> is empty, an empty string is added to ensure
that <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.argv" title="sys.argv"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code></a> always exists and is never empty.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.base_exec_prefix">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">base_exec_prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.base_exec_prefix" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.base_exec_prefix" title="sys.base_exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.base_exec_prefix</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.base_executable">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">base_executable</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.base_executable" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys._base_executable</span></code>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__</span></code> environment
variable value, or copy of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.executable" title="PyConfig.executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.executable</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.base_prefix">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">base_prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.base_prefix" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.base_prefix" title="sys.base_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.base_prefix</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.buffered_stdio">
int <code class="sig-name descname">buffered_stdio</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.buffered_stdio" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If equals to 0, enable unbuffered mode, making the stdout and stderr
streams unbuffered.</p>
<p>stdin 始终以缓冲模式打开。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.bytes_warning">
int <code class="sig-name descname">bytes_warning</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.bytes_warning" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If equals to 1, issue a warning when comparing <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> or
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#bytearray" title="bytearray"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytearray</span></code></a> with <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#str" title="str"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str</span></code></a>, or comparing <a class="reference internal" href="../library/stdtypes.html#bytes" title="bytes"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bytes</span></code></a> with
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#int" title="int"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></a>. If equal or greater to 2, raise a <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#BytesWarning" title="BytesWarning"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BytesWarning</span></code></a>
exception.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.check_hash_pycs_mode">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">check_hash_pycs_mode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.check_hash_pycs_mode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Control the validation behavior of hash-based <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pyc</span></code> files (see
<span class="target" id="index-1"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0552"><strong>PEP 552</strong></a>): <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-check-hash-based-pycs"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--check-hash-based-pycs</span></code></a> command line option value.</p>
<p>Valid values: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">always</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">never</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">default</span></code>.</p>
<p>默认值为: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">default</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.configure_c_stdio">
int <code class="sig-name descname">configure_c_stdio</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.configure_c_stdio" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, configure C standard streams (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdio</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdout</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdout</span></code>). For example, set their mode to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">O_BINARY</span></code> on Windows.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.dev_mode">
int <code class="sig-name descname">dev_mode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.dev_mode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Development mode: see <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#id5"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">dev</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.dump_refs">
int <code class="sig-name descname">dump_refs</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.dump_refs" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如果为非零值，则转储所有在退出时仍存活的对象。</p>
<p>Require a debug build of Python (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_REF_DEBUG</span></code> macro must be defined).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.exec_prefix">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">exec_prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.exec_prefix" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.exec_prefix" title="sys.exec_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.exec_prefix</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.executable">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">executable</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.executable" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.executable" title="sys.executable"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.executable</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.faulthandler">
int <code class="sig-name descname">faulthandler</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.faulthandler" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如果为非零值，则在启动时调用 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/faulthandler.html#faulthandler.enable" title="faulthandler.enable"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">faulthandler.enable()</span></code></a>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.filesystem_encoding">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">filesystem_encoding</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.filesystem_encoding" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Filesystem encoding, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.getfilesystemencoding" title="sys.getfilesystemencoding"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getfilesystemencoding()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.filesystem_errors">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">filesystem_errors</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.filesystem_errors" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Filesystem encoding errors, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors" title="sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.hash_seed">
unsigned long <code class="sig-name descname">hash_seed</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.hash_seed" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.use_hash_seed">
int <code class="sig-name descname">use_hash_seed</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.use_hash_seed" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>随机化的哈希函数种子。</p>
<p>If <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.use_hash_seed" title="PyConfig.use_hash_seed"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">use_hash_seed</span></code></a> is zero, a seed is chosen randomly
at Pythonstartup, and <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.hash_seed" title="PyConfig.hash_seed"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hash_seed</span></code></a> is ignored.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.home">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">home</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.home" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Python 主目录。</p>
<p>Initialized from <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONHOME"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONHOME</span></code></a> environment variable value by
default.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.import_time">
int <code class="sig-name descname">import_time</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.import_time" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如为非零值，则对导入时间执行性能分析。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.inspect">
int <code class="sig-name descname">inspect</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.inspect" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>在执行脚本或命令之后进入交互模式。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.install_signal_handlers">
int <code class="sig-name descname">install_signal_handlers</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.install_signal_handlers" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Install signal handlers?</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.interactive">
int <code class="sig-name descname">interactive</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.interactive" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>交互模式</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.isolated">
int <code class="sig-name descname">isolated</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.isolated" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If greater than 0, enable isolated mode:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> contains neither the script's directory (computed from
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv[0]</span></code> or the current directory) nor the user's site-packages
directory.</p></li>
<li><p>Python REPL 将不导入 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code></a> 也不在交互提示符中启用默认的 readline 配置。</p></li>
<li><p>Set <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.use_environment" title="PyConfig.use_environment"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">use_environment</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.user_site_directory" title="PyConfig.user_site_directory"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">user_site_directory</span></code></a> to 0.</p></li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio">
int <code class="sig-name descname">legacy_windows_stdio</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, use <a class="reference internal" href="../library/io.html#io.FileIO" title="io.FileIO"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">io.FileIO</span></code></a> instead of
<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">io.WindowsConsoleIO</span></code> for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stdin" title="sys.stdin"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stdout" title="sys.stdout"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stderr" title="sys.stderr"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code></a>.</p>
<p>仅在 Windows 上可用。 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">#ifdef</span> <span class="pre">MS_WINDOWS</span></code> 宏可被用于 Windows 专属的代码。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.malloc_stats">
int <code class="sig-name descname">malloc_stats</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.malloc_stats" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如为非零值，则在退出时转储 <a class="reference internal" href="memory.html#pymalloc"><span class="std std-ref">Python pymalloc 内存分配器</span></a> 的统计数据。</p>
<p>The option is ignored if Python is built using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--without-pymalloc</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.pythonpath_env">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">pythonpath_env</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.pythonpath_env" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Module search paths as a string separated by <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DELIM</span></code>
(<code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path.pathsep</span></code>).</p>
<p>Initialized from <span class="target" id="index-3"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONPATH"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONPATH</span></code></a> environment variable value by
default.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.module_search_paths">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a> <code class="sig-name descname">module_search_paths</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set">
int <code class="sig-name descname">module_search_paths_set</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>. If <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths_set"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths_set</span></code></a> is
equal to 0, the <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths</span></code></a> is overridden
by the function calculating the <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">Path Configuration</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.optimization_level">
int <code class="sig-name descname">optimization_level</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.optimization_level" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>编译优化级别：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>0: Peephole optimizer (and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></code> is set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>)</p></li>
<li><p>1: Remove assertions, set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__debug__</span></code> to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>2: Strip docstrings</p></li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.parse_argv">
int <code class="sig-name descname">parse_argv</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.parse_argv" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, parse <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code></a> the same way the regular
Python command line arguments, and strip Python arguments from
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code></a>: see <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-cmdline"><span class="std std-ref">Command Line Arguments</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.parser_debug">
int <code class="sig-name descname">parser_debug</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.parser_debug" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, turn on parser debugging output (for expert only, depending
on compilation options).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings">
int <code class="sig-name descname">pathconfig_warnings</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If equal to 0, suppress warnings when calculating the <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">Path
Configuration</span></a> (Unix only, Windows does not log any
warning). Otherwise, warnings are written into <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stderr</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.prefix">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.prefix" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.prefix" title="sys.prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.prefix</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.program_name">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">program_name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.program_name" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Program name. Used to initialize <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.executable" title="PyConfig.executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">executable</span></code></a>, and in
early error messages.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.pycache_prefix">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">pycache_prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.pycache_prefix" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.pycache_prefix" title="sys.pycache_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.pycache_prefix</span></code></a>: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pyc</span></code> cache prefix.</p>
<p>如果为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>，则 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.pycache_prefix" title="sys.pycache_prefix"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.pycache_prefix</span></code></a> 将被设为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.quiet">
int <code class="sig-name descname">quiet</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.quiet" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Quiet mode. For example, don't display the copyright and version messages
in interactive mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.run_command">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">run_command</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.run_command" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span> <span class="pre">-c</span> <span class="pre">COMMAND</span></code> argument. Used by <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.run_filename">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">run_filename</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.run_filename" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span> <span class="pre">FILENAME</span></code> argument. Used by <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.run_module">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">run_module</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.run_module" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span> <span class="pre">-m</span> <span class="pre">MODULE</span></code> argument. Used by <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.show_alloc_count">
int <code class="sig-name descname">show_alloc_count</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.show_alloc_count" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Show allocation counts at exit?</p>
<p>Set to 1 by <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#id5"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">showalloccount</span></code></a> command line option.</p>
<p>Need a special Python build with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COUNT_ALLOCS</span></code> macro defined.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.show_ref_count">
int <code class="sig-name descname">show_ref_count</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.show_ref_count" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>在退出时显示引用总数？</p>
<p>Set to 1 by <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#id5"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span> <span class="pre">showrefcount</span></code></a> command line option.</p>
<p>Need a debug build of Python (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_REF_DEBUG</span></code> macro must be defined).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.site_import">
int <code class="sig-name descname">site_import</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.site_import" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>在启动时导入 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> 模块？</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.skip_source_first_line">
int <code class="sig-name descname">skip_source_first_line</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.skip_source_first_line" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Skip the first line of the source?</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.stdio_encoding">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">stdio_encoding</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.stdio_encoding" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd></dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.stdio_errors">
wchar_t* <code class="sig-name descname">stdio_errors</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.stdio_errors" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>Encoding and encoding errors of <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stdin" title="sys.stdin"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdin</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stdout" title="sys.stdout"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stderr" title="sys.stderr"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stderr</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.tracemalloc">
int <code class="sig-name descname">tracemalloc</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.tracemalloc" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>如果为非零值，则在启动时调用 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tracemalloc.html#tracemalloc.start" title="tracemalloc.start"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tracemalloc.start()</span></code></a>。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.use_environment">
int <code class="sig-name descname">use_environment</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.use_environment" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If greater than 0, use <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-envvars"><span class="std std-ref">environment variables</span></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.user_site_directory">
int <code class="sig-name descname">user_site_directory</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.user_site_directory" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, add user site directory to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.verbose">
int <code class="sig-name descname">verbose</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.verbose" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, enable verbose mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.warnoptions">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a> <code class="sig-name descname">warnoptions</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.warnoptions" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.warnoptions" title="sys.warnoptions"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.warnoptions</span></code></a>: options of the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#module-warnings" title="warnings: Issue warning messages and control their disposition."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings</span></code></a> module to build
warnings filters: lowest to highest priority.</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/warnings.html#module-warnings" title="warnings: Issue warning messages and control their disposition."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings</span></code></a> 模块以相反的顺序添加 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.warnoptions" title="sys.warnoptions"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.warnoptions</span></code></a>: 最后一个 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.warnoptions" title="PyConfig.warnoptions"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.warnoptions</span></code></a> 条目将成为 <code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">warnings.filters</span></code> 的第一个条目并将最先被检查（最高优先级）。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.write_bytecode">
int <code class="sig-name descname">write_bytecode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.write_bytecode" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>If non-zero, write <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pyc</span></code> files.</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.dont_write_bytecode" title="sys.dont_write_bytecode"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.dont_write_bytecode</span></code></a> 会被初始化为 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.write_bytecode" title="PyConfig.write_bytecode"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write_bytecode</span></code></a> 取反后的值。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="member">
<dt id="c.PyConfig.xoptions">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyWideStringList" title="PyWideStringList">PyWideStringList</a> <code class="sig-name descname">xoptions</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyConfig.xoptions" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys._xoptions" title="sys._xoptions"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys._xoptions</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<p>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">parse_argv</span></code> is non-zero, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code> arguments are parsed the same
way the regular Python parses command line arguments, and Python
arguments are stripped from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">argv</span></code>: see <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#using-on-cmdline"><span class="std std-ref">Command Line Arguments</span></a>.</p>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xoptions</span></code> options are parsed to set other options: see <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#id5"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-X</span></code></a>
option.</p>
</section>
<section id="initialization-with-pyconfig">
<h2>使用 PyConfig 初始化<a class="headerlink" href="#initialization-with-pyconfig" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>用于初始化 Python 的函数：</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_InitializeFromConfig">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">Py_InitializeFromConfig</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>const <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig">PyConfig</a><em> *config</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>根据 <em>config</em> 配置来初始化 Python。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>调用方要负责使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus_Exception" title="PyStatus_Exception"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyStatus_Exception()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_ExitStatusException" title="Py_ExitStatusException"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_ExitStatusException()</span></code></a> 来处理异常（错误或退出）。</p>
<p>If <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_FrozenModules</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_AppendInittab()</span></code> or
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyImport_ExtendInittab()</span></code> are used, they must be set or called after Python
preinitialization and before the Python initialization.</p>
<p>设置程序名称的示例:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">init_python</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Set the program name. Implicitly preinitialize Python. */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_SetString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">program_name</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sa">L</span><span class="s">&quot;/path/to/my_program&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fail</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_InitializeFromConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fail</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="nl">fail</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>More complete example modifying the default configuration, read the
configuration, and then override some parameters:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">init_python</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">const</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">program_name</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Set the program name before reading the configuration</span>
<span class="cm"> (decode byte string from the locale encoding).</span>
<span class="cm"> Implicitly preinitialize Python. */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_SetBytesString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">program_name</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">program_name</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">done</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Read all configuration at once */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Read</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">done</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Append our custom search path to sys.path */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyWideStringList_Append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">module_search_paths</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sa">L</span><span class="s">&quot;/path/to/more/modules&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">done</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Override executable computed by PyConfig_Read() */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_SetString</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">executable</span><span class="p">,</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sa">L</span><span class="s">&quot;/path/to/my_executable&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">done</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_InitializeFromConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="nl">done</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="isolated-configuration">
<span id="init-isolated-conf"></span><h2>隔离配置<a class="headerlink" href="#isolated-configuration" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig" title="PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_InitIsolatedConfig()</span></code></a> 函数会创建一个配置来将 Python 与系统隔离开来。 例如，将 Python 嵌入到某个应用程序。</p>
<p>This configuration ignores global configuration variables, environments
variables, command line arguments (<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.argv" title="PyConfig.argv"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.argv</span></code></a> is not parsed)
and user site directory. The C standard streams (ex: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stdout</span></code>) and the
LC_CTYPE locale are left unchanged. Signal handlers are not installed.</p>
<p>Configuration files are still used with this configuration. Set the
<a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">Path Configuration</span></a> (&quot;output fields&quot;) to ignore these
configuration files and avoid the function computing the default path
configuration.</p>
</section>
<section id="python-configuration">
<span id="init-python-config"></span><h2>Python 配置<a class="headerlink" href="#python-configuration" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyPreConfig_InitPythonConfig()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig_InitPythonConfig" title="PyConfig_InitPythonConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig()</span></code></a> 函数会创建一个配置来构建一个行为与常规 Python 相同的自定义 Python。</p>
<p>环境变量和命令行参数将被用于配置 Python，而全局配置变量将被忽略。</p>
<p>This function enables C locale coercion (<span class="target" id="index-4"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0538"><strong>PEP 538</strong></a>) and UTF-8 Mode
(<span class="target" id="index-5"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0540"><strong>PEP 540</strong></a>) depending on the LC_CTYPE locale, <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONUTF8"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONUTF8</span></code></a> and
<span class="target" id="index-7"></span><a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#envvar-PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE"><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE</span></code></a> environment variables.</p>
<p>定制的 Python 的示例总是会以隔离模式运行:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">char</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">**</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">isolated</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Decode command line arguments.</span>
<span class="cm"> Implicitly preinitialize Python (in isolated mode). */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_SetBytesArgv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argc</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fail</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_InitializeFromConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">goto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fail</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_RunMain</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="nl">fail</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_IsExit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">exitcode</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Display the error message and exit the process with</span>
<span class="cm"> non-zero exit code */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="path-configuration">
<span id="init-path-config"></span><h2>路径配置<a class="headerlink" href="#path-configuration" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig" title="PyConfig"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig</span></code></a> 包含多个用于路径配置的字段：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>路径配置输入：</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.home" title="PyConfig.home"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.home</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings" title="PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.program_name" title="PyConfig.program_name"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.program_name</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.pythonpath_env" title="PyConfig.pythonpath_env"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.pythonpath_env</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p>当前工作目录：用于获取绝对路径</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PATH</span></code> 环境变量用于获取程序的完整路径 (来自 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.program_name" title="PyConfig.program_name"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.program_name</span></code></a>)</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__</span></code> 环境变量</p></li>
<li><p>（仅限 Windows only） 注册表 HKEY_CURRENT_USER 和 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE 的 &quot;SoftwarePythonPythonCoreX.YPythonPath&quot; 项下的应用程序目录（其中 X.Y 为 Python 版本）。</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>路径配置输出字段：</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_exec_prefix" title="PyConfig.base_exec_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.base_exec_prefix</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_executable" title="PyConfig.base_executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.base_executable</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_prefix" title="PyConfig.base_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.base_prefix</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.exec_prefix" title="PyConfig.exec_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.exec_prefix</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.executable" title="PyConfig.executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.executable</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths_set"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.module_search_paths_set</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.module_search_paths</span></code></a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.prefix" title="PyConfig.prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.prefix</span></code></a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>If at least one &quot;output field&quot; is not set, Python calculates the path
configuration to fill unset fields. If
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths_set"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths_set</span></code></a> is equal to 0,
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths</span></code></a> is overridden and
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.module_search_paths_set" title="PyConfig.module_search_paths_set"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths_set</span></code></a> is set to 1.</p>
<p>It is possible to completely ignore the function calculating the default
path configuration by setting explicitly all path configuration output
fields listed above. A string is considered as set even if it is non-empty.
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths</span></code> is considered as set if
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">module_search_paths_set</span></code> is set to 1. In this case, path
configuration input fields are ignored as well.</p>
<p>Set <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings" title="PyConfig.pathconfig_warnings"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pathconfig_warnings</span></code></a> to 0 to suppress warnings when
calculating the path configuration (Unix only, Windows does not log any warning).</p>
<p>如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_prefix" title="PyConfig.base_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base_prefix</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_exec_prefix" title="PyConfig.base_exec_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base_exec_prefix</span></code></a> 字段未设置，它们将分别从 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.prefix" title="PyConfig.prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">prefix</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.exec_prefix" title="PyConfig.exec_prefix"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec_prefix</span></code></a> 继承其值。</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="veryhigh.html#c.Py_Main" title="Py_Main"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_Main()</span></code></a> 将修改 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_filename" title="PyConfig.run_filename"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_filename</span></code></a> 已设置并且是一个包含 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__.py</span></code> 脚本的目录，则会将 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_filename" title="PyConfig.run_filename"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_filename</span></code></a> 添加到 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 的开头。</p></li>
<li><p>如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.isolated" title="PyConfig.isolated"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">isolated</span></code></a> 为零：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>如果设置了 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_module" title="PyConfig.run_module"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_module</span></code></a>，则将当前目录添加到 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 的开头。 如果无法读取当前目录则不执行任何操作。</p></li>
<li><p>如果设置了 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_filename" title="PyConfig.run_filename"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_filename</span></code></a>，则将文件名的目录添加到 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 的开头。</p></li>
<li><p>在其他情况下，则将一个空字符串添加到 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 的开头。</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.site_import" title="PyConfig.site_import"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site_import</span></code></a> 为非零值，则 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 可通过 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> 模块修改。 如果 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.user_site_directory" title="PyConfig.user_site_directory"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">user_site_directory</span></code></a> 为非零值且用户的 site-package 目录存在，则 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> 模块会将用户的 site-package 目录附加到 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>。</p>
<p>路径配置会使用以下配置文件：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyvenv.cfg</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python._pth</span></code> (仅Windows)</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pybuilddir.txt</span></code> (仅Unix)</p></li>
</ul>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__</span></code> 环境变量将被用于设置 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.base_executable" title="PyConfig.base_executable"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.base_executable</span></code></a></p>
</section>
<section id="py-runmain">
<h2>Py_RunMain()<a class="headerlink" href="#py-runmain" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c.Py_RunMain">
int <code class="sig-name descname">Py_RunMain</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>void<span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>执行在命令行或配置中指定的命令 (<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_command" title="PyConfig.run_command"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.run_command</span></code></a>)、脚本 (<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_filename" title="PyConfig.run_filename"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.run_filename</span></code></a>) 或模块 (<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyConfig.run_module" title="PyConfig.run_module"><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig.run_module</span></code></a>)。</p>
<p>在默认情况下如果使用了 <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-i"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-i</span></code></a> 选项，则运行 REPL。</p>
<p>最后，终结化 Python 并返回一个可传递给 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exit()</span></code> 函数的退出状态。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="#init-python-config"><span class="std std-ref">Python 配置</span></a> 查看一个使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_RunMain" title="Py_RunMain"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_RunMain()</span></code></a> 在隔离模式下始终运行自定义 Python 的示例。</p>
</section>
<section id="multi-phase-initialization-private-provisional-api">
<h2>多阶段初始化私有暂定 API<a class="headerlink" href="#multi-phase-initialization-private-provisional-api" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>This section is a private provisional API introducing multi-phase
initialization, the core feature of the <span class="target" id="index-8"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0432"><strong>PEP 432</strong></a>:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>“核心”初始化阶段，“最小化的基本 Python”：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>内置类型；</p></li>
<li><p>内置异常；</p></li>
<li><p>内置和已冻结模块；</p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> 模块仅部分初始化（例如: <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 尚不存在）。</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>&quot;主要&quot;初始化阶段，Python 被完全初始化：</p>
<ul>
<li><p>安装并配置 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/importlib.html#module-importlib" title="importlib: The implementation of the import machinery."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib</span></code></a>；</p></li>
<li><p>应用 <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">路径配置</span></a>；</p></li>
<li><p>安装信号处理器；</p></li>
<li><p>完成 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> 模块初始化 (例如：创建 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.stdout" title="sys.stdout"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a>)；</p></li>
<li><p>启用 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/faulthandler.html#module-faulthandler" title="faulthandler: Dump the Python traceback."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">faulthandler</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/tracemalloc.html#module-tracemalloc" title="tracemalloc: Trace memory allocations."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tracemalloc</span></code></a> 等可选功能；</p></li>
<li><p>导入 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/site.html#module-site" title="site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">site</span></code></a> 模块；</p></li>
<li><p>等等.</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>私有临时API：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><code class="xref c c-member docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyConfig._init_main</span></code>: if set to 0,
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.Py_InitializeFromConfig" title="Py_InitializeFromConfig"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Py_InitializeFromConfig()</span></code></a> stops at the &quot;Core&quot; initialization phase.</p></li>
</ul>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="c._Py_InitializeMain">
<a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyStatus" title="PyStatus">PyStatus</a> <code class="sig-name descname">_Py_InitializeMain</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>void<span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c._Py_InitializeMain" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>进入“主要”初始化阶段，完成 Python 初始化。</p>
</dd></dl>
<p>在“核心”阶段不会导入任何模块，也不会配置 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">importlib</span></code> 模块: <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">路径配置</span></a> 只会在“主要”阶段期间应用。 这可能允许在 Python 中定制 Python 以覆盖或微调 <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">路径配置</span></a>，也可能会安装自定义的 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#sys.meta_path" title="sys.meta_path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.meta_path</span></code></a> 导入器或导入钩子等等。</p>
<p>It may become possible to calculatin the <a class="reference internal" href="#init-path-config"><span class="std std-ref">Path Configuration</span></a> in Python, after the Core phase and before the Main phase,
which is one of the <span class="target" id="index-9"></span><a class="pep reference external" href="https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0432"><strong>PEP 432</strong></a> motivation.</p>
<p>“核心”阶段并没有完整的定义：在这一阶段什么应该可用什么不应该可用都尚未被指明。 该 API 被标记为私有和暂定的：也就是说该 API 可以随时被修改甚至被移除直到设计出适用的公共 API。</p>
<p>在“核心”和“主要”初始化阶段之间运行 Python 代码的示例:</p>
<div class="highlight-c notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">init_python</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyStatus</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_InitPythonConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">_init_main</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* ... customize &#39;config&#39; configuration ... */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_InitializeFromConfig</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyConfig_Clear</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">config</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* Use sys.stderr because sys.stdout is only created</span>
<span class="cm"> by _Py_InitializeMain() */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PyRun_SimpleString</span><span class="p">(</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;import sys; &quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;print(&#39;Run Python code before _Py_InitializeMain&#39;, &quot;</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="s">&quot;file=sys.stderr)&quot;</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">res</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">exit</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="cm">/* ... put more configuration code here ... */</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">status</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">_Py_InitializeMain</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">PyStatus_Exception</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">))</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Py_ExitStatusException</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="p">);</span>
<span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</pre></div>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Python初始化配置</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pywidestringlist">PyWideStringList</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pystatus">PyStatus</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pypreconfig">PyPreConfig</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#preinitialization-with-pypreconfig">Preinitialization with PyPreConfig</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pyconfig">PyConfig</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#initialization-with-pyconfig">使用 PyConfig 初始化</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#isolated-configuration">隔离配置</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#python-configuration">Python 配置</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#path-configuration">路径配置</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#py-runmain">Py_RunMain()</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#multi-phase-initialization-private-provisional-api">多阶段初始化私有暂定 API</a></li>
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