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<span id="distutils-index"></span><h1>分发 Python 模块（遗留版本）<a class="headerlink" href="#distributing-python-modules-legacy-version" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<dt class="field-odd">作者</dt>
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<dd class="field-odd"><p>Greg Ward ， Anthony Baxter</p>
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<dt class="field-even">电子邮箱</dt>
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<dd class="field-even"><p><a class="reference external" href="mailto:distutils-sig%40python.org">distutils-sig<span>@</span>python<span>.</span>org</a></p>
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<dt><a class="reference internal" href="../distributing/index.html#distributing-index"><span class="std std-ref">分发 Python 模块</span></a></dt><dd><p>最新的模块分发文档</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
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<p>这篇文档只有在 <a class="reference external" href="https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html">https://setuptools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/setuptools.html</a> 上的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setuptools</span></code> 文档独立涵盖此处包含的所有相关信息之前，才会单独保留。</p>
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<div class="admonition note">
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<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
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<p>本指南仅介绍构建和分发扩展的基本工具，这些扩展是作为此Python版本的一部分提供的。 第三方工具提供更易于使用和更安全的替代方案。有关详细信息，请参阅 Python 打包用户指南中的 <a class="reference external" href="https://packaging.python.org/guides/tool-recommendations/">快速推荐部分</a> 。</p>
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</div>
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<p>本文档从模块开发人员的角度描述了 Python Distribution Utilities ("Distutils")。 描述了 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setuptools</span></code> 构建所依赖的下层功能，以允许 Python 开发者方便地为更广泛的受众编写 Python 模块和扩展。</p>
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<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
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<ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="introduction.html">1. Distutils 模块介绍</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="introduction.html#concepts-terminology">1.1. 概念和术语</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="introduction.html#a-simple-example">1.2. 一个简单的例子</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="introduction.html#general-python-terminology">1.3. 通用的 Python 术语</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="introduction.html#distutils-specific-terminology">1.4. Distutils 特定的术语</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html">2. 编写安装脚本</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#listing-whole-packages">2.1. 列出全部的包</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#listing-individual-modules">2.2. 列出单独的模块</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#describing-extension-modules">2.3. 描述扩展模块</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#relationships-between-distributions-and-packages">2.4. 分发和软件包之间的关系</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#installing-scripts">2.5. 安装脚本</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#installing-package-data">2.6. 安装软件包数据</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#installing-additional-files">2.7. 安装其它文件</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#additional-meta-data">2.8. 附加元数据</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="setupscript.html#debugging-the-setup-script">2.9. 调试安装脚本</a></li>
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</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="configfile.html">3. 编写设置脚本的配置文件</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="sourcedist.html">4. 创建源代码分发包</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="sourcedist.html#specifying-the-files-to-distribute">4.1. 指定要分发的文件</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="sourcedist.html#manifest-related-options">4.2. 声明相关选项</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="builtdist.html">5. 创建构建分发版</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="builtdist.html#creating-rpm-packages">5.1. 创建RPM软件包</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="builtdist.html#creating-windows-installers">5.2. Creating Windows Installers</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="builtdist.html#cross-compiling-on-windows">5.3. 在 Windows 上的交叉编译</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="builtdist.html#vista-user-access-control-uac">5.4. Vista User Access Control (UAC)</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html">6. Distutils 示例</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#pure-python-distribution-by-module">6.1. 纯 Python 分发（通过 module）</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#pure-python-distribution-by-package">6.2. 纯 Python 分发（通过 包）</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#single-extension-module">6.3. 单个扩展模块</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#checking-a-package">6.4. 检查一个包</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#reading-the-metadata">6.5. 读取元数据</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="extending.html">7. 扩展 Distutils</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="extending.html#integrating-new-commands">7.1. 集成新的命令</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="extending.html#adding-new-distribution-types">7.2. 添加新的发布类型</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="commandref.html">8. 命令参考</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="commandref.html#installing-modules-the-install-command-family">8.1. 安装模块: <strong class="command">install</strong> 命令族</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="commandref.html#creating-a-source-distribution-the-sdist-command">8.2. 创建源码发行包: <strong class="command">sdist</strong> 命令</a></li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html">9. API参考引用</a><ul>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.core">9.1. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.core</span></code> --- 分发包功能的核心</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.ccompiler">9.2. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.ccompiler</span></code> --- CCompiler基类</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.unixccompiler">9.3. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.unixccompiler</span></code> --- Unix C Compiler</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.msvccompiler">9.4. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.msvccompiler</span></code> --- Microsoft Compiler</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.bcppcompiler">9.5. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.bcppcompiler</span></code> --- Borland Compiler</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.cygwinccompiler">9.6. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.cygwincompiler</span></code> --- Cygwin Compiler</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.archive_util">9.7. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.archive_util</span></code> --- Archiving utilities</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.dep_util">9.8. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.dep_util</span></code> --- Dependency checking</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.dir_util">9.9. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.dir_util</span></code> --- Directory tree operations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.file_util">9.10. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.file_util</span></code> --- Single file operations</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.util">9.11. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.util</span></code> --- Miscellaneous other utility functions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.dist">9.12. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.dist</span></code> --- The Distribution class</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.extension">9.13. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.extension</span></code> --- The Extension class</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.debug">9.14. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.debug</span></code> --- Distutils debug mode</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.errors">9.15. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.errors</span></code> --- Distutils exceptions</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.fancy_getopt">9.16. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.fancy_getopt</span></code> --- Wrapper around the standard getopt module</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.filelist">9.17. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.filelist</span></code> --- The FileList class</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.log">9.18. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.log</span></code> --- Simple <strong>PEP 282</strong>-style logging</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.spawn">9.19. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.spawn</span></code> --- Spawn a sub-process</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.sysconfig">9.20. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.sysconfig</span></code> --- System configuration information</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.text_file">9.21. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.text_file</span></code> --- The TextFile class</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.version">9.22. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.version</span></code> --- Version number classes</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.cmd">9.23. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.cmd</span></code> --- Abstract base class for Distutils commands</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#creating-a-new-distutils-command">9.24. Creating a new Distutils command</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command">9.25. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command</span></code> --- Individual Distutils commands</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist">9.26. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.bdist</span></code> --- Build a binary installer</a></li>
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||
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_dumb">9.28. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.bdist_dumb</span></code> --- Build a "dumb" installer</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_msi">9.29. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.bdist_msi</span></code> --- Build a Microsoft Installer binary package</a></li>
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||
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.bdist_rpm">9.30. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.bdist_rpm</span></code> --- Build a binary distribution as a Redhat RPM and SRPM</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.sdist">9.32. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.sdist</span></code> --- Build a source distribution</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build">9.33. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.build</span></code> --- Build all files of a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_clib">9.34. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.build_clib</span></code> --- Build any C libraries in a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_ext">9.35. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.build_ext</span></code> --- Build any extensions in a package</a></li>
|
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_py">9.36. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.build_py</span></code> --- Build the .py/.pyc files of a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.build_scripts">9.37. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.build_scripts</span></code> --- Build the scripts of a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.clean">9.38. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.clean</span></code> --- Clean a package build area</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.config">9.39. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.config</span></code> --- Perform package configuration</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install">9.40. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.install</span></code> --- Install a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_data">9.41. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.install_data</span></code> --- Install data files from a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_headers">9.42. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.install_headers</span></code> --- Install C/C++ header files from a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_lib">9.43. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.install_lib</span></code> --- Install library files from a package</a></li>
|
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.install_scripts">9.44. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.install_scripts</span></code> --- Install script files from a package</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.register">9.45. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.register</span></code> --- Register a module with the Python Package Index</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="apiref.html#module-distutils.command.check">9.46. <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">distutils.command.check</span></code> --- Check the meta-data of a package</a></li>
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