207 lines
13 KiB
HTML
207 lines
13 KiB
HTML
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<title>modf, modff, modfl</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-c_numeric_math_modf skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">modf, modff, modfl</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="c.html">c</a>‎ | <a href="c-numeric.html">numeric</a>‎ | <a href="c-numeric-math.html">math</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><math.h></code></div>
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</td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">float</span> modff<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">float</span> arg, <span class="kw4">float</span><span class="sy2">*</span> iptr <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99 起)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">double</span> modf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> arg, <span class="kw4">double</span><span class="sy2">*</span> iptr <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> modfl<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">double</span> arg, <span class="kw4">long</span> <span class="kw4">double</span><span class="sy2">*</span> iptr <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(3)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1-3)</span> 分解给定的浮点值 <code>arg</code> 为整数和分数部分,每个都拥有与 <code>arg</code> 相同的类型和符号。(以浮点格式)存储整数部分于 <code>iptr</code> 所指向的对象。</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>arg</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>浮点值</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>iptr</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向要存储整数部分的目标的浮点值的指针</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>若不出现错误,则返回与 <code>x</code> 相同符号的 <code>x</code> 小数部分。将整数部分放进 <code>iptr</code> 所指向的值。</p>
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<p>返回值和存储于 <code>*iptr</code> 的值的和给出 <code>arg</code> (允许舍入)。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.94.99.E8.AF.AF.E5.A4.84.E7.90.86">错误处理</span></h3>
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<p>此函数不受制于任何指定于 <a href="c-numeric-math-math_errhandling.html">math_errhandling</a> 的错误。</p>
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<p>若实现支持 IEE 浮点算术( IEC 60559 ),则</p>
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<ul>
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<li>若 <code>arg</code> 为 ±0 ,则返回 ±0 ,并存储 ±0 于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span>iptr</span></span> 。</li>
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<li>若 <code>arg</code> 为 ±∞ ,则返回 ±0 ,并存储 ±∞ 于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span>iptr</span></span> 。</li>
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<li>若 <code>arg</code> 为 NaN ,则返回 NaN ,并存储 NaN 于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="sy2">*</span>iptr</span></span> 。</li>
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<li>返回值是准确的,忽略<a href="c-numeric-fenv-FE_round.html">当前舍入模式</a>。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F">注意</span></h3>
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<p>此函数表现为如同实现如下:</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="c source-c">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="kw4">double</span> modf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">double</span> value, <span class="kw4">double</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>iptr<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="co2">#pragma STDC FENV_ACCESS ON</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> save_round <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="c-numeric-fenv-feround.html"><span class="kw722">fegetround</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-numeric-fenv-feround.html"><span class="kw723">fesetround</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="c-numeric-fenv-FE_round.html"><span class="kw736">FE_TOWARDZERO</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="sy2">*</span>iptr <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><a href="c-numeric-math-nearbyint.html"><span class="kw692">nearbyint</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>value<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-numeric-fenv-feround.html"><span class="kw723">fesetround</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>save_round<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> <a href="c-numeric-math-copysign.html"><span class="kw702">copysign</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="c-numeric-math-isinf.html"><span class="kw705">isinf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>value<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy4">?</span> <span class="nu16">0.0</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> value <span class="sy2">-</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>iptr<span class="br0">)</span>, value<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="c source-c">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <stdio.h></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <math.h></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <float.h></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">double</span> f <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu16">123.45</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"Given the number %.2f or %a in hex,<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f, f<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">double</span> f3<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">double</span> f2 <span class="sy1">=</span> modf<span class="br0">(</span>f, <span class="sy3">&</span>f3<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"modf() makes %.2f + %.2f<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f3, f2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> i<span class="sy4">;</span>
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f2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="c-numeric-math-frexp.html"><span class="kw696">frexp</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>f, <span class="sy3">&</span>i<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"frexp() makes %f * 2^%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f2, i<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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i <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="c-numeric-math-ilogb.html"><span class="kw663">ilogb</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>f<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"logb()/ilogb() make %f * %d^%d<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f<span class="sy2">/</span><a href="c-numeric-math-scalbn.html"><span class="kw698">scalbn</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu16">1.0</span>, i<span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="c-types-limits.html"><span class="kw372">FLT_RADIX</span></a>, i<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="co1">// 特殊值</span>
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f2 <span class="sy1">=</span> modf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu16">0.0</span>, <span class="sy3">&</span>f3<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"modf(-0) makes %.2f + %.2f<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f3, f2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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f2 <span class="sy1">=</span> modf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">-</span>INFINITY, <span class="sy3">&</span>f3<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"modf(-Inf) makes %.2f + %.2f<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, f3, f2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>可能的输出:</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">Given the number 123.45 or 0x1.edccccccccccdp+6 in hex,
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modf() makes 123.00 + 0.45
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frexp() makes 0.964453 * 2^7
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logb()/ilogb() make 1.92891 * 2^6
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modf(-0) makes -0.00 + -0.00
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modf(-Inf) makes -INF + -0.00</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
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<div class="t-ref-std-11">
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<ul>
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<li>C11 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:2011):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.12.6.12 The modf functions (p: 246-247)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>F.10.3.12 The modf functions (p: 523)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
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<ul>
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<li>C99 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:1999):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.12.6.12 The modf functions (p: 227)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>F.9.3.12 The modf functions (p: 460)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
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<ul>
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<li>C89/C90 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:1990):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>4.5.4.6 The modf function</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-numeric-math-trunc.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>trunc</span><span>truncf</span><span>truncl</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>取整到绝对值不大于给定值的最接近整数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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