699 lines
39 KiB
HTML
699 lines
39 KiB
HTML
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<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
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<title>std::swap</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_algorithm_swap skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<div id="cpp-content-base">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>swap</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-algorithm.html">algorithm</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-algorithm.html"><algorithm></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-utility.html"><utility></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></div>
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-string_view.html"><string_view></a></code></div>
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</td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></div>
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<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">void</span> swap<span class="br0">(</span> T<span class="sy3">&</span> a, T<span class="sy3">&</span> b <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">void</span> swap<span class="br0">(</span> T<span class="sy3">&</span> a, T<span class="sy3">&</span> b <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="coMULTI">/* see below */</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> <span class="kw4">void</span> swap<span class="br0">(</span> T<span class="sy3">&</span> a, T<span class="sy3">&</span> b <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="coMULTI">/* see below */</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tbody>
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<tbody></tbody>
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<td rowspan="142">(2)</td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T2, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> N <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">void</span> swap<span class="br0">(</span> T2 <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>a<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span>N<span class="br0">]</span>, T2 <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>b<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span>N<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="coMULTI">/* see below */</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T2, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> N <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> <span class="kw4">void</span> swap<span class="br0">(</span> T2 <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>a<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span>N<span class="br0">]</span>, T2 <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&</span>b<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">[</span>N<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="coMULTI">/* see below */</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<tbody>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<p>交换给定值</p>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 交换 <code>a</code> 与 <code>b</code> 。<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx17"><span>此重载仅若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-types-is_move_constructible.html"><span class="kw539">std::<span class="me2">is_move_constructible_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="sy3">&&</span> <a href="cpp-types-is_move_assignable.html"><span class="kw557">std::<span class="me2">is_move_assignable_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 才参与重载决议。</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></span></div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 交换 <code>a</code> 与 <code>b</code> 数组。等效于调用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap_ranges.html"><span class="kw1599">std::<span class="me2">swap_ranges</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>a, a<span class="sy2">+</span>N, b<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx17"><span>此重载仅若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-types-is_swappable.html"><span class="kw573">std::<span class="me2">is_swappable_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T2<span class="sy1">></span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 才参与重载决议。</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></span></div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>a, b</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要交换的值</td>
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<tr class="t-par-hitem">
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<td colspan="3">类型要求</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<div class="spacer"></div>
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<code>T</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-MoveAssignable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可移动赋值</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(MoveAssignable)</span></a> 和 <a href="cpp-named_req-MoveConstructible.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可移动构造</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(MoveConstructible)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<div class="spacer"></div>
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<code>T2</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Swappable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可交换</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Swappable)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>（无）</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span>
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<table class="t-rev-begin">
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<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
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<td>
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<p>（无）</p>
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</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div class="t-noexcept-full"><a href="cpp-language-noexcept_spec.html"><tt>noexcept</tt></a> 说明：
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<div class="t-noexcept-box"><span class="t-cc"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><br /></span></span>
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<p> <a href="cpp-types-is_move_constructible.html"><span class="kw542">std::<span class="me2">is_nothrow_move_constructible</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value</span> <span class="sy3">&&</span><br />
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<a href="cpp-types-is_move_assignable.html"><span class="kw560">std::<span class="me2">is_nothrow_move_assignable</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value</span><br /></p>
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<span class="br0">)</span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span>
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<table class="t-rev-begin">
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<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11 t-until-cxx17">
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<td>
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<div class="t-noexcept-full"><a href="cpp-language-noexcept_spec.html"><tt>noexcept</tt></a> 说明：
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<div class="t-noexcept-box"><span class="t-cc"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span>swap<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>a, <span class="sy2">*</span>b<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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异常规定中标识符 <code>swap</code> 的查找在通常查找规则的所找到的任何内容外，还会找到此函数模板，这使得异常规定等价于 C++17 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-types-is_swappable.html">std::is_nothrow_swappable</a></span> 。</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx17">(C++17 前)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx17">
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<td>
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<div class="t-noexcept-full"><a href="cpp-language-noexcept_spec.html"><tt>noexcept</tt></a> 说明：
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<div class="t-noexcept-box"><span class="t-cc"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">noexcept</span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-types-is_swappable.html"><span class="kw577">std::<span class="me2">is_nothrow_swappable_v</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T2<span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 常量</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 与 N 成线性</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.89.B9.E5.8C.96">特化</span></h3>
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<table class="t-rev-begin">
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<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx20">
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<td>
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<p><code>std::swap</code> 可以对程序定义类型<a href="cpp-language-extending_std.html">在命名空间 std 中特化</a>，但 <a href="cpp-language-adl.html">ADL</a> 不会寻找这些特化（命名空间 std 不是与程序定义类型关联的空间）。</p>
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</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>令程序定义类型可交换的期待方式是在与该类型相同的命名空间中提供非成员函数 swap ：细节见<a href="cpp-named_req-Swappable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可交换</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Swappable)</span></a> 。</p>
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<p>标准库已提供下列重载：</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-pair-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::pair)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-tuple-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::tuple)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-memory-shared_ptr-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::shared_ptr)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-memory-weak_ptr-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::weak_ptr)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-memory-unique_ptr-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unique_ptr)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-functional-function-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::function)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-string-basic_string-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_string)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-array-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::array)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-forward_list-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::forward_list)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-list-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::list)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-vector-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::vector)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-map-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::map)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-multimap-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::multimap)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-set-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::set)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-multiset-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::multiset)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-unordered_map-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unordered_map)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-unordered_multimap-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unordered_multimap)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-unordered_set-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unordered_set)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-unordered_multiset-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unordered_multiset)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-container-queue-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::queue)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-priority_queue-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::priority_queue)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::stack)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::valarray)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap()</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_stringbuf)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_istringstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_istringstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_ostringstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_ostringstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_stringstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_filebuf-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_filebuf)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_ifstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_ifstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_ofstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_ofstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_fstream-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_fstream)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_syncbuf-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_syncbuf)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_regex)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-match_results-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::match_results)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <strong class="selflink"><tt>std::swap</tt></strong> 算法<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
|
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-thread-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::thread)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
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</td>
|
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-unique_lock-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::unique_lock)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td><span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 对 <code>unique_lock</code> 的特化<br />
|
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-promise-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::promise)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-packaged_task-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::packaged_task)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-optional-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::optional)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-any-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::any)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
|
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</tr>
|
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<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-utility-variant-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::variant)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></span></span></div>
|
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</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::swap</strong></span> 算法<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
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<td>
|
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
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<div><a href="cpp-filesystem-path-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::filesystem::path)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>交换二个路径<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
|
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</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
|
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<div class="t-example">
|
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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|
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <algorithm></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> a <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">5</span>, b <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">3</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 前</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1757">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> a <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">' '</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> b <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">swap</span><span class="br0">(</span>a,b<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 后</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1757">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> a <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">' '</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> b <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>输出：</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="text source-text">
|
|
<pre class="de1">5 3
|
|
3 5</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h3>
|
|
<p>下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。</p>
|
|
<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>DR</th>
|
|
<th>应用于</th>
|
|
<th>出版时的行为</th>
|
|
<th>正确行为</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue2554">LWG 2554</a></td>
|
|
<td>C++11</td>
|
|
<td>因为名称查找问题，交换多维数组无法为 <code>noexcept</code></td>
|
|
<td>使之可能</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-iter_swap.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>iter_swap</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>交换两个迭代器所指向的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap_ranges.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap_ranges</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>交换两个范围的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-utility-exchange.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>exchange</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将实参替换为一个新值，并返回其先前值<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="visualClear"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
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</body>
|
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</html>
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