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<span id="development"></span><h1>开发工具<a class="headerlink" href="#development-tools" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<p>本章中描述的各模块可帮你编写 Python 程序。例如,<a class="reference internal" href="pydoc.html#module-pydoc" title="pydoc: Documentation generator and online help system."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pydoc</span></code></a> 模块接受一个模块并根据该模块的内容来生成文档。<a class="reference internal" href="doctest.html#module-doctest" title="doctest: Test pieces of code within docstrings."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctest</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="unittest.html#module-unittest" title="unittest: Unit testing framework for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unittest</span></code></a> 这两个模块包含了用于编写单元测试的框架,并可用于自动测试所编写的代码,验证预期的输出是否产生。<strong class="program">2to3</strong> 程序能够将 Python 2.x 源代码翻译成有效的 Python 3.x 源代码。</p>
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<p>本章中描述的模块列表是:</p>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="doctest.html"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctest</span></code> --- 测试交互式的 Python 示例</a><ul>
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