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<section id="module-pprint">
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<span id="pprint-data-pretty-printer"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code></a> --- 数据美化输出<a class="headerlink" href="#module-pprint" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>源代码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.8/Lib/pprint.py">Lib/pprint.py</a></p>
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code></a> 模块提供了“美化打印”任意 Python 数据结构的功能，这种美化形式可用作对解释器的输入。 如果经格式化的结构包含非基本 Python 类型的对象，则其美化形式可能无法被加载。 包含文件、套接字或类对象，以及许多其他不能用 Python 字面值来表示的对象都有可能导致这样的结果。</p>
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<p>格式化后的形式会在可能的情况下以单行来表示对象，并在无法在允许宽度内容纳对象的情况下将其分为多行。 如果你需要调整宽度限制则应显式地构造 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 对象。</p>
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<p>字典在计算其显示形式前会先根据键来排序。</p>
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code></a> 模块定义了一个类：</p>
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<span class="target" id="index-0"></span><dl class="class">
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<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter">
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<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">PrettyPrinter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">indent=1</em>, <em class="sig-param">width=80</em>, <em class="sig-param">depth=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">stream=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">*</em>, <em class="sig-param">compact=False</em>, <em class="sig-param">sort_dicts=True</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>构造一个 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 实例。 此构造器接受几个关键字形参。 使用 <em>stream</em> 关键字可设置输出流；流对象使用的唯一方法是文件协议的 <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">write()</span></code> 方法。 如果未指定此关键字，则 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 会选择 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code>。 每个递归层次的缩进量由 <em>indent</em> 指定；默认值为一。 其他值可导致输出看起来有些怪异，，但可使得嵌套结构更易区分。 可被打印的层级数量由 <em>depth</em> 控制；如果数据结构的层级被打印得过深，其所包含的下一层级会被替换为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">...</span></code>。 在默认情况下，对被格式化对象的层级深度没有限制。 希望的输出宽度可使用 <em>width</em> 形参来限制；默认值为 80 个字符。 如果一个结构无法在限定宽度内被格式化，则将做到尽可能接近。 如果 <em>compact</em> 为假值（默认）则长序列的每一项将被格式化为单独的行。 如果 <em>compact</em> 为真值，则将在 <em>width</em> 可容纳的的情况下把尽可能多的项放入每个输出行。 如果 <em>sort_dicts</em> 为真值（默认），字典将被格式化为按键排序，否则将按插入顺序显示。</p>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.4 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>compact</em> 形参。</p>
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</div>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.8 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>sort_dicts</em> 形参。</p>
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<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">stuff</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'spam'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'eggs'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'lumberjack'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'knights'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'ni'</span><span class="p">]</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">[:])</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PrettyPrinter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">indent</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="go">[ ['spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knights', 'ni'],</span>
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<span class="go"> 'spam',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'eggs',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'lumberjack',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'knights',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'ni']</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PrettyPrinter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">41</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">compact</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="go">[['spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'knights', 'ni'],</span>
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<span class="go"> 'spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knights',</span>
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<span class="go"> 'ni']</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">tup</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'spam'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'eggs'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'lumberjack'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'knights'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'ni'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'dead'</span><span class="p">,</span>
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<span class="gp">... </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'parrot'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'fresh fruit'</span><span class="p">,))))))))</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PrettyPrinter</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tup</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="go">('spam', ('eggs', ('lumberjack', ('knights', ('ni', ('dead', (...)))))))</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code></a> 模块还提供了一些快捷函数：</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pprint.pformat">
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<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em>, <em class="sig-param">indent=1</em>, <em class="sig-param">width=80</em>, <em class="sig-param">depth=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">*</em>, <em class="sig-param">compact=False</em>, <em class="sig-param">sort_dicts=True</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.pformat" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p><em>object</em> 的格式化表示作为字符串返回。 <em>indent</em>, <em>width</em>, <em>depth</em>, <em>compact</em> 和 <em>sort_dicts</em> 将作为格式化形参被传入 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 构造器。</p>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.4 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>compact</em> 形参。</p>
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</div>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.8 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>sort_dicts</em> 形参。</p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pprint.pp">
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<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em>, <em class="sig-param">*args</em>, <em class="sig-param">sort_dicts=False</em>, <em class="sig-param">**kwargs</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.pp" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>打印 <em>object</em> 的格式化表示并附带一个换行符。 如果 <em>sort_dicts</em> 为假值（默认），字典将按键的插入顺序显示，否则将按字典键排序。 <em>args</em> 和 <em>kwargs</em> 将作为格式化形参被传给 <a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint()</span></code></a>。</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.8 新版功能.</span></p>
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</div>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pprint.pprint">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pprint</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em>, <em class="sig-param">stream=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">indent=1</em>, <em class="sig-param">width=80</em>, <em class="sig-param">depth=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">*</em>, <em class="sig-param">compact=False</em>, <em class="sig-param">sort_dicts=True</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.pprint" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>在 <em>stream</em> 上打打印 <em>object</em> 的格式化表示，并附带一个换行符。 如果 <em>stream</em> 为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>，则使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code>。 这可以替代 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#print" title="print"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print()</span></code></a> 函数在交互式解释器中使用以查看值（你甚至可以执行重新赋值 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">pprint.pprint</span></code> 以在特定作用域中使用）。 <em>indent</em>, <em>width</em>, <em>depth</em>, <em>compact</em> 和 <em>sort_dicts</em> 将作为格式化形参被传给 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 构造器。</p>
|
|
<div class="versionchanged">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.4 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>compact</em> 形参。</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="versionchanged">
|
|
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.8 版更改: </span>增加了 <em>sort_dicts</em> 形参。</p>
|
|
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">stuff</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'spam'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'eggs'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'lumberjack'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'knights'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'ni'</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">insert</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">[<Recursion on list with id=...>,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'spam',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'eggs',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'lumberjack',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'knights',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'ni']</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="function">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.isreadable">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isreadable</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.isreadable" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p id="index-1">确定 <em>object</em> 的格式化表示是否“可读”，或是否可被用来通过 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a> 重新构建对象的值。 此函数对于递归对象总是返回 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>。</p>
|
|
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">isreadable</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">False</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="function">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.isrecursive">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isrecursive</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.isrecursive" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>确定 <em>object</em> 是否需要递归表示。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>此外还定义了一个支持函数：</p>
|
|
<dl class="function">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.saferepr">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pprint.</code><code class="sig-name descname">saferepr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.saferepr" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>返回 <em>object</em> 的字符串表示，并为递归数据结构提供保护。 如果 <em>object</em> 的表示形式公开了一个递归条目，该递归引用会被表示为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><Recursion</span> <span class="pre">on</span> <span class="pre">typename</span> <span class="pre">with</span> <span class="pre">id=number></span></code>。 该表示因而不会进行其它格式化。</p>
|
|
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">saferepr</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">stuff</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">"[<Recursion on list with id=...>, 'spam', 'eggs', 'lumberjack', 'knights', 'ni']"</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<section id="prettyprinter-objects">
|
|
<span id="id1"></span><h2>PrettyPrinter 对象<a class="headerlink" href="#prettyprinter-objects" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 的实例具有下列方法：</p>
|
|
<dl class="method">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter.pformat">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">PrettyPrinter.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pformat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.pformat" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>返回 <em>object</em> 格式化表示。 这会将传给 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 构造器的选项纳入考虑。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="method">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter.pprint">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">PrettyPrinter.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pprint</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.pprint" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>在所配置的流上打印 <em>object</em> 的格式化表示，并附加一个换行符。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>下列方法提供了与同名函数相对应的实现。 在实例上使用这些方法效率会更高一些，因为不需要创建新的 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 对象。</p>
|
|
<dl class="method">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter.isreadable">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">PrettyPrinter.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isreadable</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.isreadable" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p id="index-2">确定对象的格式化表示是否“可读”，或者是否可使用 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a> 重建对象值。 请注意此方法对于递归对象将返回 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>。 如果设置了 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PrettyPrinter</span></code></a> 的 <em>depth</em> 形参并且对象深度超出允许范围，此方法将返回 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<dl class="method">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter.isrecursive">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">PrettyPrinter.</code><code class="sig-name descname">isrecursive</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.isrecursive" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>确定对象是否需要递归表示。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
<p>此方法作为一个钩子提供，允许子类修改将对象转换为字符串的方式。 默认实现使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.saferepr" title="pprint.saferepr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">saferepr()</span></code></a> 实现的内部方式。</p>
|
|
<dl class="method">
|
|
<dt id="pprint.PrettyPrinter.format">
|
|
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">PrettyPrinter.</code><code class="sig-name descname">format</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">object</em>, <em class="sig-param">context</em>, <em class="sig-param">maxlevels</em>, <em class="sig-param">level</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.format" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
|
<dd><p>返回三个值：字符串形式的 <em>object</em> 已格式化版本，指明结果是否可读的旗标，以及指明是否检测到递归的旗标。 第一个参数是要表示的对象。 第二个是以对象 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#id" title="id"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">id()</span></code></a> 为键的字典，这些对象是当前表示上下文的一部分（影响 <em>object</em> 表示的直接和间接容器）；如果需要呈现一个已经在 <em>context</em> 中表示的对象，则第三个返回值应当为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>。 对 <a class="reference internal" href="#pprint.PrettyPrinter.format" title="pprint.PrettyPrinter.format"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">format()</span></code></a> 方法的递归调用应当将容器的附加条目添加到此字典中。 第三个参数 <em>maxlevels</em> 给出了对递归的请求限制；如果没有请求限制则其值将为 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>。 此参数应当不加修改地传给递归调用。 第四个参数 <em>level</em> 给出于当前层级；传给递归调用的参数值应当小于当前调用的值。</p>
|
|
</dd></dl>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
<section id="example">
|
|
<span id="pprint-example"></span><h2>示例<a class="headerlink" href="#example" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
|
<p>为了演示 <a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint()</span></code></a> 函数及其形参的几种用法，让我们从 <a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org">PyPI</a> 获取关于某个项目的信息:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">json</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pprint</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">urllib.request</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">urlopen</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">urlopen</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'https://pypi.org/pypi/sampleproject/json'</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">resp</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="gp">... </span> <span class="n">project_info</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">resp</span><span class="p">)[</span><span class="s1">'info'</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint()</span></code></a> 以其基本形式显示了整个对象:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">project_info</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">{'author': 'The Python Packaging Authority',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'author_email': 'pypa-dev@googlegroups.com',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'bugtrack_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'classifiers': ['Development Status :: 3 - Alpha',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Intended Audience :: Developers',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.6',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.2',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.3',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Topic :: Software Development :: Build Tools'],</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description': 'A sample Python project\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '=======================\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'This is the description file for the project.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'The file should use UTF-8 encoding and be written using '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'ReStructured Text. It\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'will be used to generate the project webpage on PyPI, and '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'should be written for\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'that purpose.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Typical contents for this file would include an overview of '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'the project, basic\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'usage examples, etc. Generally, including the project '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'changelog in here is not\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'a good idea, although a simple "What\'s New" section for the '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'most recent version\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'may be appropriate.',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description_content_type': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'docs_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'download_url': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'downloads': {'last_day': -1, 'last_month': -1, 'last_week': -1},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'home_page': 'https://github.com/pypa/sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'keywords': 'sample setuptools development',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'license': 'MIT',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer_email': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'name': 'sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'package_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'platform': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_urls': {'Download': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Homepage': 'https://github.com/pypa/sampleproject'},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'release_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/1.2.0/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_dist': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_python': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'summary': 'A sample Python project',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'version': '1.2.0'}</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>结果可以被限制到特定的 <em>depth</em> (更深层的内容将使用省略号):</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">project_info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">{'author': 'The Python Packaging Authority',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'author_email': 'pypa-dev@googlegroups.com',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'bugtrack_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'classifiers': [...],</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description': 'A sample Python project\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '=======================\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'This is the description file for the project.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'The file should use UTF-8 encoding and be written using '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'ReStructured Text. It\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'will be used to generate the project webpage on PyPI, and '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'should be written for\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'that purpose.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Typical contents for this file would include an overview of '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'the project, basic\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'usage examples, etc. Generally, including the project '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'changelog in here is not\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'a good idea, although a simple "What\'s New" section for the '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'most recent version\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'may be appropriate.',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description_content_type': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'docs_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'download_url': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'downloads': {...},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'home_page': 'https://github.com/pypa/sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'keywords': 'sample setuptools development',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'license': 'MIT',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer_email': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'name': 'sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'package_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'platform': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_urls': {...},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'release_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/1.2.0/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_dist': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_python': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'summary': 'A sample Python project',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'version': '1.2.0'}</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>此外，还可以设置建议的最大字符 <em>width</em>。 如果一个对象无法被拆分，则将超出指定宽度:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pprint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">project_info</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">depth</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">width</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="go">{'author': 'The Python Packaging Authority',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'author_email': 'pypa-dev@googlegroups.com',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'bugtrack_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'classifiers': [...],</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description': 'A sample Python project\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '=======================\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'This is the description file for the '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'The file should use UTF-8 encoding and be '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'written using ReStructured Text. It\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'will be used to generate the project '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'webpage on PyPI, and should be written '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'for\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'that purpose.\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> '\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'Typical contents for this file would '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'include an overview of the project, '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'basic\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'usage examples, etc. Generally, including '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'the project changelog in here is not\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'a good idea, although a simple "What\'s '</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'New" section for the most recent version\n'</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'may be appropriate.',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'description_content_type': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'docs_url': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'download_url': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'downloads': {...},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'home_page': 'https://github.com/pypa/sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'keywords': 'sample setuptools development',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'license': 'MIT',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'maintainer_email': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'name': 'sampleproject',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'package_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'platform': 'UNKNOWN',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'project_urls': {...},</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'release_url': 'https://pypi.org/project/sampleproject/1.2.0/',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_dist': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'requires_python': None,</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'summary': 'A sample Python project',</span>
|
|
<span class="go"> 'version': '1.2.0'}</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
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</section>
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</section>
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</div>
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</div>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code> --- 数据美化输出</a><ul>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#prettyprinter-objects">PrettyPrinter 对象</a></li>
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#example">示例</a></li>
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