200 lines
12 KiB
HTML
200 lines
12 KiB
HTML
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<title>wcscpy, wcscpy_s</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-c_string_wide_wcscpy skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">wcscpy, wcscpy_s</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="c.html">c</a>‎ | <a href="c-string.html">string</a>‎ | <a href="c-string-wide.html">wide</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><wchar.h></code></div>
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</td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num">
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<td></td>
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<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
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<td></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-c95 t-until-c99">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>wcscpy<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>dest, <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>src <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-c99">(C99 前)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>wcscpy<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> dest, <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> src <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99 起)</span></td>
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</tbody>
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<tbody>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-c11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">errno_t wcscpy_s<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> dest, rsize_t destsz,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> src <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11 起)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 复制 <code>src</code> 所指向的宽字符串（包含空终止宽字符）到 <code>dest</code> 所指向的宽字符数组。若 <code>dest</code> 数组不够大则行为未定义。若字符串重叠则行为未定义。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，除了它可用未指定值破坏目标数组的剩余部分，及在运行时检测下列错误，并调用当前安装的<a href="c-error-set_constraint_handler_s.html">制约处理</a>函数：
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li><code>src</code> 或 <code>dest</code> 为空指针</li>
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<li><code>destsz</code> 为零或大于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">RSIZE_MAX <span class="sy2">/</span> <span class="kw4">sizeof</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></li>
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<li><code>destsz</code> 小于或等于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">wcsnlen_s<span class="br0">(</span>src, destsz<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ，换言之会发生阶段</li>
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<li>源与目标字符串间会发生重叠</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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<dd></dd>
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<dd>同所有边界检查函数， <code>wcscpy_s</code> 仅若实现定义了 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> ，且用户在包含 <code>wchar.h</code> 前定义 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> 为整数常量 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span> 才保证可用。</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>dest</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向复制目标的宽字符数组的指针</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>src</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向复制来源的空终止宽字符串的指针</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>destsz</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要写入的最大字符数，典型地为目标缓冲区的大小</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 返回 <code>dest</code> 的副本</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 成功时返回零，失败时返回非零。失败时，亦会写入 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">L<span class="st0">'<span class="es5">\0</span>'</span></span></span> 到 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">dest<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span></span></span> （除非 <code>dest</code> 为空指针或为零或大于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">RMAX_SIZE <span class="sy2">/</span> <span class="kw4">sizeof</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ）。</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="c source-c">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <wchar.h></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <stdio.h></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <locale.h></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>src <span class="sy1">=</span> L<span class="st0">"犬 means dog"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="co1">// src[0] = L'狗' ; // 这会是未定义行为</span>
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<span class="kw4">wchar_t</span> dst<span class="br0">[</span><a href="c-string-wide-wcslen.html"><span class="kw624">wcslen</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>src<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">+</span> <span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 为适应空终止符 +1</span>
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wcscpy<span class="br0">(</span>dst, src<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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dst<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> L<span class="st0">'狗'</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// OK</span>
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<a href="c-locale-setlocale.html"><span class="kw900">setlocale</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="c-locale-LC_categories.html"><span class="kw903">LC_ALL</span></a>, <span class="st0">"en_US.utf8"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="c-io-fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"src = %ls<span class="es1">\n</span>dst = %ls<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span>, src, dst<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">src = 犬 means dog
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dst = 狗 means dog</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
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<div class="t-ref-std-11">
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<ul>
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<li>C11 标准（ISO/IEC 9899:2011）：</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.29.4.1.2 The wcscpy function (p: 430)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>K.3.9.2.1.1 The wcscpy_s function (p: 639)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
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<ul>
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<li>C99 标准（ISO/IEC 9899:1999）：</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.24.4.1.2 The wcscpy function (p: 376)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-string-wide-wcsncpy.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wcsncpy</span><span>wcsncpy_s</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>将一定量的宽字符从一个字符串复制到另一个<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-string-wide-wmemcpy.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wmemcpy</span><span>wmemcpy_s</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>在两个不重叠的数组间复制一定数量的宽字符<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-string-byte-strcpy.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>strcpy</span><span>strcpy_s</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>复制一个字符串给另一个<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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