289 lines
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289 lines
25 KiB
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<title>std::ranges::mismatch, std::ranges::mismatch_result</title>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::ranges::</span>mismatch, <span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::ranges::</span>mismatch_result</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-algorithm.html">algorithm</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges.html">ranges</a></span></div>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-algorithm.html"><algorithm></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div>调用签名</div>
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<td></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_iterator</span> I1, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1<span class="sy1">></span> S1,<br /></span>
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<p> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_iterator</span> I2, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I2<span class="sy1">></span> S2,<br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Pred <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">equal_to</span>,<br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span> <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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requires std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirectly_comparable</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mismatch_result</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1, I2<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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mismatch<span class="br0">(</span> I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,<br /></p>
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Pred pred <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj1 proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj2 proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_range</span> R1, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_range</span> R2,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> Pred <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">equal_to</span>,<br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span> <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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requires std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirectly_comparable</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br />
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R1<span class="sy1">></span>, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R2<span class="sy1">></span>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mismatch_result</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">borrowed_iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R1<span class="sy1">></span>,<br />
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">borrowed_iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R2<span class="sy1">>></span><br /></p>
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mismatch<span class="br0">(</span> R1<span class="sy3">&&</span> r1, R2<span class="sy3">&&</span> r2, Pred pred <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj1 proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj2 proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<div>辅助类型</div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> I1, <span class="kw1">class</span> I2<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw1">using</span> mismatch_result <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in_in_result</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1, I2<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(3)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<p>返回首个投影后元素的不匹配对，它们来自两个范围：一个以 <code>[first1, last1)</code> 或 <code>r1</code> 定义而另一个以 <code>[first2,last2)</code> 或 <code>r2</code> 定义。</p>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 用给定的二元谓词 <code>p</code> 比较元素。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，但以 <code>r</code> 为源范围，如同以 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span>r<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 为 <code>first</code> 并以 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">end</span><span class="br0">(</span>r<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 为 <code>last</code> 。</div>
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<p>此页面上描述的仿函数实体是 <i>niebloid</i> ，即：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>调用它们中的任何一者时不可指定显式模板实参。</li>
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<li>它们无一对<a href="cpp-language-adl.html">实参依赖查找</a>可见。</li>
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<li>在<a href="cpp-language-unqualified_lookup.html">通常无限定查找</a>寻找函数调用运算符左侧的名称找到它们之一时，它禁止<a href="cpp-language-adl.html">实参依赖查找</a>。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>实际上，它们能以函数对象，或以某些特殊编译器扩展实现。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>first1, last1</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>代表第一待比较元素范围的迭代器-哨位对</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>r1</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>第一待比较元素范围</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>first2, last2</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>代表第二待比较元素范围的迭代器-哨位对</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>r2</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>第二待比较元素范围</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>pred</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用到投影后元素的谓词</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>proj1</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用到第一元素范围的投影</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>proj2</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用到第二元素范围的投影</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>拥有指向首二个不相等元素的迭代器的 <code>ranges::mismatch_result</code> 。</p>
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<p>若比较抵达 <code>last1</code> 或 <code>last2</code> ，无论何者先发生，都未找到不匹配，则对象保有尾迭代器与来自另一范围的对应迭代器。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
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<p>至多应用 min(<code>last1</code> - <code>first1</code>, <code>last2</code> - <code>first2</code>) 次谓词与对应的投影。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.AF.E8.83.BD.E7.9A.84.E5.AE.9E.E7.8E.B0">可能的实现</span></h3>
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<table class="eq-fun-cpp-table">
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">struct</span> mismatch_fn <span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_iterator</span> I1, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1<span class="sy1">></span> S1,
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std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_iterator</span> I2, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I2<span class="sy1">></span> S2,
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Pred <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">equal_to</span>,
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span><span class="sy1">></span>
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requires std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirectly_comparable</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mismatch_result</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I1, I2<span class="sy1">></span>
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operator<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span>I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
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Pred pred <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj1 proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj2 proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy4">;</span> first1 <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> last1 <span class="sy3">&&</span> first2 <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> last2<span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>first1, <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">++</span>first2<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">!</span><a href="cpp-utility-functional-invoke.html"><span class="kw1058">std::<span class="me2">invoke</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>pred, <a href="cpp-utility-functional-invoke.html"><span class="kw1058">std::<span class="me2">invoke</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>proj1, <span class="sy2">*</span>first1<span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="cpp-utility-functional-invoke.html"><span class="kw1058">std::<span class="me2">invoke</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>proj2, <span class="sy2">*</span>first2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">break</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="br0">{</span>first1, first2<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_range</span> R1, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_range</span> R2,
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Pred <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">equal_to</span>,
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span> <span class="sy1">></span>
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requires std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirectly_comparable</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R1<span class="sy1">></span>, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R2<span class="sy1">></span>,
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Pred, Proj1, Proj2<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span>
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mismatch_result</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">borrowed_iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R1<span class="sy1">></span>, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">borrowed_iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R2<span class="sy1">>></span>
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operator<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span>R1<span class="sy3">&&</span> r1, R2<span class="sy3">&&</span> r2, Pred pred <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj1 proj1 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span>, Proj2 proj2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">*</span>this<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">(</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span>r1<span class="br0">)</span>, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">end</span><span class="br0">(</span>r1<span class="br0">)</span>,
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span>r2<span class="br0">)</span>, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">end</span><span class="br0">(</span>r2<span class="br0">)</span>,
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<a href="cpp-utility-functional-ref.html"><span class="kw1069">std::<span class="me2">ref</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>pred<span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="cpp-utility-functional-ref.html"><span class="kw1069">std::<span class="me2">ref</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>proj1<span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="cpp-utility-functional-ref.html"><span class="kw1069">std::<span class="me2">ref</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>proj2<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">inline</span> <span class="kw4">constexpr</span> mismatch_fn mismatch<span class="sy4">;</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<p>此程序确定同时在给定字符串的首端与在末端逆序找到的最长子串（可能重叠）</p>
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <algorithm></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <cstddef></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <ranges></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <string_view></span>
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1248">std::<span class="me2">string_view</span></span></a> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1248">std::<span class="me2">string_view</span></span></a> in<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">auto</span> end <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ranges</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">mismatch</span><span class="br0">(</span>in, in <span class="sy3">|</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">views</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">reverse</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">in1</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> length <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ranges</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">distance</span><span class="br0">(</span>in.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, end<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="br0">{</span> in.<span class="me1">cbegin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, length <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"abXYZba"</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
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<span class="sy1"><<</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"abca"</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
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<span class="sy1"><<</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"ABBA"</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span>
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<span class="sy1"><<</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"level"</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">using</span> <span class="kw1">namespace</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">literals</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">string_view_literals</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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static_assert<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"123"</span>sv <span class="sy1">==</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"123!@#321"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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static_assert<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"radar"</span>sv <span class="sy1">==</span> mirror_ends<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"radar"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">ab
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a
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ABBA
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level</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-equal.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::equal</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>确定两个元素集合是否是相同的<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-find.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::find</span><span>ranges::find_if</span><span>ranges::find_if_not</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>寻找首个满足特定判别标准的元素<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-lexicographical_compare.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::lexicographical_compare</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>当一个范围按字典顺序小于另一个范围时，返回 true<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-search.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::search</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>搜索一个元素范围<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-mismatch.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>mismatch</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>寻找两个范围出现不同的首个位置<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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