587 lines
35 KiB
HTML
587 lines
35 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<title>std::deque</title>
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="ext.css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_modules.css" />
|
|
</head>
|
|
<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_container_deque skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
|
|
<div id="cpp-content-base">
|
|
<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
|
|
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>deque</h1>
|
|
<div id="bodyContent">
|
|
<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container.html">container</a></span></div>
|
|
<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
|
|
<table class="t-dcl-begin">
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc-header">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-deque.html"><deque></a></code></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
|
|
<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> T,<br />
|
|
<span class="kw1">class</span> Allocator <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-memory-allocator.html"><span class="kw700">std::<span class="me2">allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
|
|
<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw1">class</span> deque<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(1)</td>
|
|
<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx17">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">namespace</span> pmr <span class="br0">{</span><br /></span>
|
|
<p> <span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T<span class="sy1">></span><br />
|
|
<span class="kw1">using</span> deque <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">deque</span><span class="sy1"><</span>T, <a href="cpp-memory-polymorphic_allocator.html"><span class="kw707">std::<span class="me2">pmr</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">polymorphic_allocator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">>></span><span class="sy4">;</span><br /></p>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>(2)</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p><code>std::deque</code> （ double-ended queue ，双端队列）是有下标顺序容器，它允许在其首尾两端快速插入及删除。另外，在 deque 任一端插入或删除不会非法化指向其余元素的指针或引用。</p>
|
|
<p>与 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector.html">std::vector</a></span> 相反， deque 的元素不是相接存储的：典型实现用单独分配的固定大小数组的序列，外加额外的登记，这表示下标访问必须进行二次指针解引用，与之相比 vector 的下标访问只进行一次。</p>
|
|
<p>deque 的存储按需自动扩展及收缩。扩张 deque 比扩张 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector.html">std::vector</a></span> 更优，因为它不涉及到复制既存元素到新内存位置。另一方面， deque 典型地拥有较大的最小内存开销；只保有一个元素的 deque 必须分配其整个内部数组（例如 64 位 libstdc++ 上为对象大小 8 倍； 64 位 libc++ 上为对象大小 16 倍或 4096 字节的较大者）。</p>
|
|
<p>deque 上常见操作的复杂度（效率）如下：</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>随机访问——常数 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(1)</span></li>
|
|
<li>在结尾或起始插入或移除元素——常数 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(1)</span></li>
|
|
<li>插入或移除元素——线性 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(n)</span></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p><code>std::deque</code> 满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Container.html"><span style="font-style:italic">容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Container)</span></a> 、<a href="cpp-named_req-AllocatorAwareContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">知分配器容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(AllocatorAwareContainer)</span></a> 、<a href="cpp-named_req-SequenceContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">序列容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(SequenceContainer)</span></a> 和<a href="cpp-named_req-ReversibleContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可逆容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(ReversibleContainer)</span></a> 的要求。</p>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF.E5.BD.A2.E5.8F.82">模板形参</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-par-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-par">
|
|
<td>T</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>元素的类型。
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>T</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-CopyAssignable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可复制赋值</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyAssignable)</span></a> 和<a href="cpp-named_req-CopyConstructible.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可复制构造</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyConstructible)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
|
|
<td>加诸元素的要求依赖于容器上进行的实际操作。泛言之，要求元素类型是完整类型并满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Erasable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可擦除</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Erasable)</span></a> 的要求，但许多成员函数附带了更严格的要求。</td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p></p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-par">
|
|
<td>Allocator</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>用于获取/释放内存及构造/析构内存中元素的分配器。类型必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-Allocator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">分配器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Allocator)</span></a> 的要求。若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Allocator<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">value_type</span></span></span> 与 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">T</span></span> 不同则<span class="t-rev-inl t-until-cxx20"><span>行为未定义</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></span></span><span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx20"><span>程序非良构</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></span></span>。</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8.E9.9D.9E.E6.B3.95.E5.8C.96">迭代器非法化</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="metadata plainlinks ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" style="">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td>
|
|
<td class="mbox-text" style="">本节未完成</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>此节有仍少量不准确处，更多细节请查看涉及单独成员函数的页面</p>
|
|
<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>操作</th>
|
|
<th>被非法化</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>所有只读操作</td>
|
|
<td>决不</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-swap.html">swap</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap.html">std::swap</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>尾后迭代器可能被非法化（实现定义）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-shrink_to_fit.html">shrink_to_fit</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-clear.html">clear</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-insert.html">insert</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace.html">emplace</a></span> 、<br />
|
|
<span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_front.html">push_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_back.html">push_back</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_front.html">emplace_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_back.html">emplace_back</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>始终</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-erase.html">erase</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>若在起始擦除——仅被擦除元素<br />
|
|
<p>若在末尾擦除——仅被擦除元素和尾后迭代器<br />
|
|
否则——非法化所有迭代器（包含尾后迭代器）。</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-resize.html">resize</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>若新大小小于旧者：仅被擦除元素和尾后迭代器<br />
|
|
<p>若新大小大于旧者：非法化所有迭代器<br />
|
|
否则——不非法化任何迭代器。</p>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_front.html">pop_front</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>仅有指向被擦除元素者</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_back.html">pop_back</a></span></td>
|
|
<td>仅有指向被擦除元素者和尾后迭代器</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h4><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B3.95.E5.8C.96.E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F">非法化注意</span></h4>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>从 deque 任一端插入时， <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-insert.html">insert</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace.html">emplace</a></span> 不会非法化引用。</li>
|
|
<li><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_front.html">push_front</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_back.html">push_back</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_front.html">emplace_front</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_back.html">emplace_back</a></span> 不会非法化任何到 deque 元素的引用。</li>
|
|
<li>从 deque 任一端擦除时， <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-erase.html">erase</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_front.html">pop_front</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_back.html">pop_back</a></span> 不会非法化到未擦除元素的引用。</li>
|
|
<li>以较小的大小调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-resize.html">resize</a></span> 不会非法化任何到未擦除元素的引用。</li>
|
|
<li>以较大的大小调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque-resize.html">resize</a></span> 不会非法化任何到 deque 元素的引用。</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
|
|
<td>成员类型</td>
|
|
<td>定义</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>value_type</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>T</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>allocator_type</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>Allocator</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>size_type</code></td>
|
|
<td>无符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-types-size_t.html">std::size_t</a></span> ）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>difference_type</code></td>
|
|
<td>有符号整数类型（通常是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-types-ptrdiff_t.html">std::ptrdiff_t</a></span> ）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>reference</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">value_type<span class="sy3">&</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_reference</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span> value_type<span class="sy3">&</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>Allocator::pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-memory-allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">pointer</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td>
|
|
<table class="t-rev-begin t-rev-begin-noborder">
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-until-cxx11">
|
|
<td><code>Allocator::const_pointer</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-rev t-since-cxx11">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-memory-allocator_traits.html"><span class="kw701">std::<span class="me2">allocator_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">const_pointer</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td>指向 <code>value_type</code> 的<a href="cpp-named_req-RandomAccessIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式随机访问迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyRandomAccessIterator)</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td>指向 <code>value_type</code> 的<a href="cpp-named_req-RandomAccessIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式随机访问迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyRandomAccessIterator)</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>reverse_iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-iterator-reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>iterator<span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><code>const_reverse_iterator</code></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-iterator-reverse_iterator.html"><span class="kw658">std::<span class="me2">reverse_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>const_iterator<span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-deque.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>构造 <code>deque</code><br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-~deque.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>析构 <code>deque</code><br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-operator=.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>赋值给容器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-assign.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>assign</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将值赋给容器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-get_allocator.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>get_allocator</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回相关的分配器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE">元素访问</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-at.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>at</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问指定的元素，同时进行越界检查<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-operator_at.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator[]</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问指定的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问第一个元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>访问最后一个元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8">迭代器</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-begin.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>begin</span> <span>cbegin</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向起始的迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-end.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>end</span> <span>cend</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向末尾的迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-rbegin.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>rbegin</span><span>crbegin</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向起始的逆向迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-rend.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>rend</span><span>crend</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回指向末尾的逆向迭代器<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.AE.B9.E9.87.8F">容量</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-empty.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>检查容器是否为空<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>size</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回容纳的元素数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-max_size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>max_size</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>返回可容纳的最大元素数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-shrink_to_fit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>shrink_to_fit</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>通过释放未使用的内存减少内存的使用<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td colspan="2">
|
|
<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">修改器</span></h5>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-clear.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>clear</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>清除内容<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-insert.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>insert</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>插入元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>原位构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-erase.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>擦除元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>push_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>将元素添加到容器末尾<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>在容器末尾就地构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>pop_back</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>移除末元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-push_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>push_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>插入元素到容器起始<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-emplace_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>在容器头部原位构造元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-pop_front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>pop_front</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>移除首元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-resize.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>resize</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>改变容器中可存储元素的个数<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-swap.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>交换内容<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-operator_cmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator<</span><span>operator<=</span><span>operator></span><span>operator>=</span><span>operator<=></span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>按照字典顺序比较 deque 中的值<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap.html">std::swap</a></span> 算法<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-container-deque-erase2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>erase<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span><span>erase_if<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::deque)</span></span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>擦除所有满足特定判别标准的元素<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95.28C.2B.2B17_.E8.B5.B7.29"><a href="cpp-container-deque-deduction_guides.html">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></h3>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
|
|
<div class="t-example">
|
|
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
|
|
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <deque></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// 创建容纳整数的 deque</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">deque</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span> d <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span>, <span class="nu0">16</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 从 deque 的首尾添加整数</span>
|
|
d.<span class="me1">push_front</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">13</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
d.<span class="me1">push_back</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">25</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 迭代并打印 deque 的值</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> n <span class="sy4">:</span> d<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1756">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> n <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>输出：</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="text source-text">
|
|
<pre class="de1">13
|
|
7
|
|
5
|
|
16
|
|
8
|
|
25</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="visualClear"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|