174 lines
14 KiB
HTML
174 lines
14 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::match_results<BidirIt,Alloc>::format</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_regex_match_results_format skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::match_results<BidirIt,Alloc>::</span>format</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-regex.html">regex</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html">match results</a></span></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> OutputIt <span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p>OutputIt format<span class="br0">(</span> OutputIt out,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> char_type<span class="sy2">*</span> fmt_first, <span class="kw4">const</span> char_type<span class="sy2">*</span> fmt_last,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2048">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">format_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> OutputIt, <span class="kw1">class</span> ST, <span class="kw1">class</span> SA <span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p>OutputIt format<span class="br0">(</span> OutputIt out,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> basic_string<span class="sy1"><</span>char_type,ST,SA<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> fmt,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2048">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">format_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> ST, <span class="kw1">class</span> SA <span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p><a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>char_type,ST,SA<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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format<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>char_type,ST,SA<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> fmt,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2048">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">format_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(3)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">string_type format<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> char_type<span class="sy2">*</span> fmt_s,<br /></span>
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<p> <a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2048">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">format_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(4)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<p><code>format</code> 输出格式字符串，它将字符串中的任何格式指定符或转义序列替换为来自 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>this</span></span> 的数据。</p>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 格式字符序列以范围 <code>[fmt_first, fmt_last)</code> 定义。复制结果字符序列到 <code>out</code> 的副本。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 格式字符序列以 <code>fmt</code> 中的字符定义。复制结果字符序列到 <code>out</code> 的副本。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3-4)</span> 格式字符序列分别以 <code>fmt</code> 和 <code>fmt_s</code> 中的字符定义。复制结果字符序列到新构造的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html">std::basic_string</a></span> ，并返回它。</div>
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<p><code>flags</code> 位掩码确定辨识哪些格式指定符和转义序列。</p>
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<p>若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">ready<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy3">!</span><span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> 则 <code>format</code> 的行为未定义。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>fmt_begin, fmt_end</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向定义格式字符序列的字符范围的指针</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>fmt</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>定义格式字符序列的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html">std::basic_string</a></span></td>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>fmt_s</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向定义格式字符序列的空终止字符串的指针</td>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>out</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要复制结果字符串到的迭代器</td>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>flags</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指定辨识哪些格式指定符和转义序列的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html">std::regex_constants::match_flag_type</a></span> 位掩码</td>
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<td colspan="3">类型要求</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<code>OutputIt</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-OutputIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式输出迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyOutputIterator)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1-2)</span> <code>out</code></div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3-4)</span> 含结果字符序列的新构造字符串。</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
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<p>可能抛出实现定义的异常。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <string></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <regex></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> s <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">"for a good time, call 867-5309"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw2000">std::<span class="me2">regex</span></span></a> phone_regex<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\\</span>d{3}-<span class="es1">\\</span>d{4}"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2010">std::<span class="me2">smatch</span></span></a> phone_match<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html"><span class="kw2013">std::<span class="me2">regex_search</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>s, phone_match, phone_regex<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> fmt_s <span class="sy1">=</span> phone_match.<span class="me1">format</span><span class="br0">(</span>
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<span class="st0">"$`"</span> <span class="co1">// $` 意味着匹配之前的字符</span>
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<span class="st0">"[$&]"</span> <span class="co1">// $& 意味着匹配的字符</span>
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<span class="st0">"$'"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// $' 意味着后随匹配的字符</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> fmt_s <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">for a good time, call [867-5309]</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-regex_replace.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>regex_replace</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>以格式化的替换文本来替换正则表达式匹配的出现位置<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>match_flag_type</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特定于匹配的选项<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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