392 lines
39 KiB
HTML
392 lines
39 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>std::regex_match</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_regex_regex_match skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>regex_match</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-regex.html">regex</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-regex.html"><regex></a></code></div>
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</td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> BidirIt,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> Alloc, <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> BidirIt first, BidirIt last,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2007">std::<span class="me2">match_results</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>BidirIt,Alloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> m,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> BidirIt,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> BidirIt first, BidirIt last,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Alloc, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p><span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> str,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2007">std::<span class="me2">match_results</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span>,Alloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> m,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(3)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> STraits, <span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> Alloc, <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,STraits,SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2007">std::<span class="me2">match_results</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><br />
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<span class="kw1">typename</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,STraits,SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">const_iterator</span>,<br />
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Alloc<br />
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<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> m,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(4)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p><span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> CharT<span class="sy2">*</span> str,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(5)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> STraits, <span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, STraits, SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> e,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(6)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> STraits, <span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc,<br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> Alloc, <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT, <span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">bool</span> regex_match<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,STraits,SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&&</span>,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2007">std::<span class="me2">match_results</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><br />
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<span class="kw1">typename</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,STraits,SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">const_iterator</span>,<br />
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Alloc<br />
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<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span>,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw1999">std::<span class="me2">basic_regex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT,Traits<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span>,<br />
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2037">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_flag_type</span></span></a> flags <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-regex-match_flag_type.html"><span class="kw2038">std::<span class="me2">regex_constants</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">match_default</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> delete<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(7)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<p>确定正则表达式 <code>el</code> 是否匹配整个目标字符序列，它可能以 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html">std::string</a></span> 、 C 字符串或迭代器对表示。</p>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 确定正则表达式 <code>e</code> 和整个目标字符序列 <code>[first,last)</code> 间是否有匹配，不计 <code>flags</code> 的效果。确定是否有匹配时，只考虑匹配整个字符序列的潜在匹配。匹配结果返回于 <code>m</code> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 表现同上面的 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，省去匹配结果。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>str, str <span class="sy2">+</span> <a href="cpp-string-char_traits.html"><span class="kw1267">std::<span class="me2">char_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>charT<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">length</span><span class="br0">(</span>str<span class="br0">)</span>, m, e, flags<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> 返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>s.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, s.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, m, e, flags<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> 返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>str, str <span class="sy2">+</span> <a href="cpp-string-char_traits.html"><span class="kw1267">std::<span class="me2">char_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>charT<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">length</span><span class="br0">(</span>str<span class="br0">)</span>, e, flags<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">6)</span> 返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>s.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, s.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, e, flags<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">7)</span> 禁止重载 <span class="t-v">(4)</span> 接受临时 string ，否则此函数会以立即变为非法的 string 迭代器填充 <code>match_results</code> <code>m</code> 。</div>
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<p>注意 <code>regex_match</code> 将只成功地匹配正则表达式到<i>整个</i>字符序列，而 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html">std::regex_search</a></span> 将成功地匹配子序列。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>first, last</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用 regex 到的目标字符范围，以迭代器给定</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>m</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>匹配结果</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>str</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>目标字符串，以空终止 C 风格字符串给出</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>s</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>目标字符串，以 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html">std::basic_string</a></span> 给出</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>e</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>正则表达式</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>flags</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>用于确定将如何进行匹配的标志</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par-hitem">
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<td colspan="3">类型要求</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<div class="spacer"></div>
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<code>BidirIt</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-BidirectionalIterator.html"><span style="font-style:italic">老式双向迭代器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(LegacyBidirectionalIterator)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>若匹配存在则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> ，否则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 。任一情况下，以下列方式更新对象 <code>m</code> ：</p>
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<p>若匹配不存在：</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td colspan="2"><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">ready</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="kw2">true</span></span></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td colspan="2"><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">empty</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="kw2">true</span></span></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td colspan="2"><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="nu0">0</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<p>若匹配存在：</p>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">ready</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">empty</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><a href="cpp-regex-ecmascript.html#.E5.AD.90.E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F">有标记子表达式</a>数加 1 ，即 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="sy2">+</span>e.<span class="me1">mark_count</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">prefix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">first</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>first</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">prefix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">second</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>first</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">prefix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">matched</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> （匹配前缀为空）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">suffix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">first</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>last</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">suffix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">second</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>last</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">suffix</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">matched</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> （匹配前缀为空）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">first</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>first</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">second</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><code>last</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">0</span><span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">matched</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> （匹配整个序列）</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span>n<span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">first</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td>匹配<a href="cpp-regex-ecmascript.html#.E5.AD.90.E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F">有标记子表达式</a> n 的序列起始，或若该子表达式不参与匹配则为 <code>last</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span>n<span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">second</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td>匹配<a href="cpp-regex-ecmascript.html#.E5.AD.90.E8.A1.A8.E8.BE.BE.E5.BC.8F">有标记子表达式</a> n 的序列结尾，或若该子表达式不参与匹配则为 <code>last</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m<span class="br0">[</span>n<span class="br0">]</span>.<span class="me1">matched</span></span></span></td>
|
|
<td>若表达式 n 参与匹配则为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> ，否则为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
|
|
<p>因为 <code>regex_match</code> 只考虑完全匹配，故同一 regex 可能在 <code>regex_match</code> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html">std::regex_search</a></span> 间给出不同的匹配：</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
|
|
<pre class="de1"><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw2000">std::<span class="me2">regex</span></span></a> re<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"Get|GetValue"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2008">std::<span class="me2">cmatch</span></span></a> m<span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html"><span class="kw2012">std::<span class="me2">regex_search</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"GetValue"</span>, m, re<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 返回 true ，且 m[0] 含 "Get"</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"GetValue"</span>, m, re<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 返回 true ，且 m[0] 含 "GetValue"</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html"><span class="kw2012">std::<span class="me2">regex_search</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"GetValues"</span>, m, re<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 返回 true ，且 m[0] 含 "Get"</span>
|
|
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"GetValues"</span>, m, re<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// 返回 false</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
|
|
<div class="t-example">
|
|
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="cpp source-cpp">
|
|
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <string></span>
|
|
<span class="co2">#include <regex></span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// 简单正则表达式匹配</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> fnames<span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="st0">"foo.txt"</span>, <span class="st0">"bar.txt"</span>, <span class="st0">"baz.dat"</span>, <span class="st0">"zoidberg"</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw2000">std::<span class="me2">regex</span></span></a> txt_regex<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"[a-z]+<span class="es1">\\</span>.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>fname <span class="sy4">:</span> fnames<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> fname <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">": "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>fname, txt_regex<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 提取子匹配</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw2000">std::<span class="me2">regex</span></span></a> base_regex<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"([a-z]+)<span class="es1">\\</span>.txt"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2010">std::<span class="me2">smatch</span></span></a> base_match<span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>fname <span class="sy4">:</span> fnames<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>fname, base_match, base_regex<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// 首个 sub_match 是整个字符串；下个</span>
|
|
<span class="co1">// sub_match 是首个有括号表达式。</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>base_match.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="nu0">2</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-sub_match.html"><span class="kw2005">std::<span class="me2">ssub_match</span></span></a> base_sub_match <span class="sy1">=</span> base_match<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> base <span class="sy1">=</span> base_sub_match.<span class="me1">str</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> fname <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" has a base of "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> base <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="co1">// 提取几个子匹配</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="kw2000">std::<span class="me2">regex</span></span></a> pieces_regex<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"([a-z]+)<span class="es1">\\</span>.([a-z]+)"</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="kw2010">std::<span class="me2">smatch</span></span></a> pieces_match<span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>fname <span class="sy4">:</span> fnames<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">if</span> <span class="br0">(</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex_match</span><span class="br0">(</span>fname, pieces_match, pieces_regex<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> fname <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span>size_t i <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> i <span class="sy1"><</span> pieces_match.<span class="me1">size</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="sy2">++</span>i<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-regex-sub_match.html"><span class="kw2005">std::<span class="me2">ssub_match</span></span></a> sub_match <span class="sy1">=</span> pieces_match<span class="br0">[</span>i<span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a> piece <span class="sy1">=</span> sub_match.<span class="me1">str</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" submatch "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> i <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">": "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> piece <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span>
|
|
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p>输出：</p>
|
|
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
|
|
<div class="text source-text">
|
|
<pre class="de1">foo.txt: 1
|
|
bar.txt: 1
|
|
baz.dat: 0
|
|
zoidberg: 0
|
|
foo.txt has a base of foo
|
|
bar.txt has a base of bar
|
|
foo.txt
|
|
submatch 0: foo.txt
|
|
submatch 1: foo
|
|
submatch 2: txt
|
|
bar.txt
|
|
submatch 0: bar.txt
|
|
submatch 1: bar
|
|
submatch 2: txt
|
|
baz.dat
|
|
submatch 0: baz.dat
|
|
submatch 1: baz
|
|
submatch 2: dat</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h3>
|
|
<p>下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。</p>
|
|
<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>DR</th>
|
|
<th>应用于</th>
|
|
<th>出版时的行为</th>
|
|
<th>正确行为</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue2329">LWG 2329</a></td>
|
|
<td>C++11</td>
|
|
<td>曾接受 <code>basic_string</code> 右值，这较可能导致悬垂迭代器</td>
|
|
<td>通过被删除的重载拒绝</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
|
|
<table class="t-dsc-begin">
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>basic_regex</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>正则表达式对象<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-regex-match_results.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>match_results</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>标识一个正则表达式匹配，包含所有子表达式匹配<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr class="t-dsc">
|
|
<td>
|
|
<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
|
|
<div><a href="cpp-regex-regex_search.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>regex_search</span></span></a></div>
|
|
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>尝试匹配一个正则表达式到字符序列的任何部分<br />
|
|
<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="visualClear"></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|