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<section id="module-pdb">
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<span id="pdb-the-python-debugger"></span><span id="debugger"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pdb" title="pdb: The Python debugger for interactive interpreters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb</span></code></a> --- Python 的调试器<a class="headerlink" href="#module-pdb" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<p><strong>源代码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.8/Lib/pdb.py">Lib/pdb.py</a></p>
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<hr class="docutils" id="index-0" />
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<p><a class="reference internal" href="#module-pdb" title="pdb: The Python debugger for interactive interpreters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb</span></code></a> 模块定义了一个交互式源代码调试器，用于 Python 程序。它支持在源码行间设置（有条件的）断点和单步执行，检视堆栈帧，列出源码列表，以及在任何堆栈帧的上下文中运行任意 Python 代码。它还支持事后调试，可以在程序控制下调用。</p>
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<p id="index-1">调试器是可扩展的——调试器实际被定义为 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.Pdb" title="pdb.Pdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Pdb</span></code></a> 类。该类目前没有文档，但通过阅读源码很容易理解它。扩展接口使用了 <a class="reference internal" href="bdb.html#module-bdb" title="bdb: Debugger framework."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">bdb</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="cmd.html#module-cmd" title="cmd: Build line-oriented command interpreters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cmd</span></code></a> 模块。</p>
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<p>调试器的提示符是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(Pdb)</span></code>。在调试器的控制下运行程序的典型用法是:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pdb</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">mymodule</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pdb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'mymodule.test()'</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="go">> <string>(0)?()</span>
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<span class="go">(Pdb) continue</span>
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<span class="go">> <string>(1)?()</span>
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<span class="go">(Pdb) continue</span>
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<span class="go">NameError: 'spam'</span>
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<span class="go">> <string>(1)?()</span>
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<span class="go">(Pdb)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<div class="versionchanged">
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<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.3 版更改: </span>由 <a class="reference internal" href="readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline</span></code></a> 模块实现的 Tab 补全可用于补全本模块的命令和命令的参数，例如，Tab 补全会提供当前的全局变量和局部变量，用作 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">p</span></code> 命令的参数。</p>
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</div>
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<p>也可以将 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb.py</span></code> 作为脚本调用，来调试其他脚本。例如:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">python3</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="n">pdb</span> <span class="n">myscript</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>当作为脚本调用时，如果要调试的程序异常退出，pdb 调试将自动进入事后调试。事后调试之后（或程序正常退出之后），pdb 将重新启动程序。自动重启会保留 pdb 的状态（如断点），在大多数情况下，这比在退出程序的同时退出调试器更加实用。</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能: </span><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb.py</span></code> 现在接受 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-c</span></code> 选项，可以执行命令，这与将该命令写入 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pdbrc</span></code> 文件相同，请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="#debugger-commands"><span class="std std-ref">调试器命令</span></a>。</p>
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</div>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.7 新版功能: </span><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb.py</span></code> 现在接受 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-m</span></code> 选项，该选项用于执行一个模块，类似于 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span> <span class="pre">-m</span></code>。与脚本相同，调试器将暂停在待执行模块第一行前。</p>
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</div>
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<p>从正在运行的程序进入调试器的典型用法是插入</p>
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<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pdb</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">pdb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_trace</span><span class="p">()</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>到你想进入调试器的位置。然后就可以单步执行上述语句之后的代码，要关闭调试器继续运行，请使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-continue"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code></a> 命令。</p>
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<div class="versionadded">
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<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.7 新版功能: </span>内置函数 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#breakpoint" title="breakpoint"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">breakpoint()</span></code></a>，当以默认参数调用它时，可以用来代替 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">import</span> <span class="pre">pdb;</span> <span class="pre">pdb.set_trace()</span></code>。</p>
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</div>
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<p>检查已崩溃程序的典型用法是:</p>
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<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pdb</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">mymodule</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">mymodule</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">test</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="gt">Traceback (most recent call last):</span>
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File <span class="nb">"<stdin>"</span>, line <span class="m">1</span>, in <span class="n"><module></span>
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File <span class="nb">"./mymodule.py"</span>, line <span class="m">4</span>, in <span class="n">test</span>
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<span class="w"> </span><span class="n">test2</span><span class="p">()</span>
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File <span class="nb">"./mymodule.py"</span>, line <span class="m">3</span>, in <span class="n">test2</span>
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<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">spam</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<span class="gr">NameError</span>: <span class="n">spam</span>
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<span class="gp">>>> </span><span class="n">pdb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">pm</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<span class="go">> ./mymodule.py(3)test2()</span>
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<span class="go">-> print(spam)</span>
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<span class="go">(Pdb)</span>
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</pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>本模块定义了下列函数，每个函数进入调试器的方式略有不同：</p>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pdb.run">
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<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">run</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">statement</em>, <em class="sig-param">globals=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">locals=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.run" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>在调试器控制范围内执行 <em>statement</em> （以字符串或代码对象的形式提供）。调试器提示符会在执行代码前出现，你可以设置断点并键入 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-continue"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code></a>，也可以使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-step"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">step</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-next"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">next</span></code></a> 逐步执行语句（上述所有命令在后文有说明）。可选参数 <em>globals</em> 和 <em>locals</em> 指定代码执行环境，默认时使用 <a class="reference internal" href="__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a> 模块的字典。（请参阅内置函数 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#exec" title="exec"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec()</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a> 的说明。）</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pdb.runeval">
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<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">runeval</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">expression</em>, <em class="sig-param">globals=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">locals=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.runeval" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>在调试器控制范围内执行 <em>expression</em> （以字符串或代码对象的形式提供）。<a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.runeval" title="pdb.runeval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runeval()</span></code></a> 返回时将返回表达式的值。本函数在其他方面与 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.run" title="pdb.run"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run()</span></code></a> 类似。</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pdb.runcall">
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<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">runcall</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">function</em>, <em class="sig-param">*args</em>, <em class="sig-param">**kwds</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.runcall" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
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<dd><p>使用给定的参数调用 <em>function</em> （以函数或方法对象的形式提供，不能是字符串）。<a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.runcall" title="pdb.runcall"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">runcall()</span></code></a> 返回的是所调用函数的返回值。调试器提示符将在进入函数后立即出现。</p>
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</dd></dl>
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<dl class="function">
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<dt id="pdb.set_trace">
|
||
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">set_trace</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">*</em>, <em class="sig-param">header=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.set_trace" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在调用本函数的堆栈帧处进入调试器。用于硬编码一个断点到程序中的固定点处，即使该代码不在调试状态（如断言失败时）。如果传入 <em>header</em>，它将在调试开始前被打印到控制台。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.7 版更改: </span>仅关键字参数 <em>header</em>。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="function">
|
||
<dt id="pdb.post_mortem">
|
||
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">post_mortem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">traceback=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.post_mortem" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>进入 <em>traceback</em> 对象的事后调试。如果没有给定 <em>traceback</em>，默认使用当前正在处理的异常之一（默认时，必须存在正在处理的异常）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="function">
|
||
<dt id="pdb.pm">
|
||
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">pm</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.pm" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在 <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.last_traceback" title="sys.last_traceback"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.last_traceback</span></code></a> 中查找 traceback，并进入其事后调试。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run*</span></code> 函数和 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.set_trace" title="pdb.set_trace"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">set_trace()</span></code></a> 都是别名，用于实例化 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.Pdb" title="pdb.Pdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Pdb</span></code></a> 类和调用同名方法。如果要使用其他功能，则必须自己执行以下操作：</p>
|
||
<dl class="class">
|
||
<dt id="pdb.Pdb">
|
||
<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">pdb.</code><code class="sig-name descname">Pdb</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">completekey='tab'</em>, <em class="sig-param">stdin=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">stdout=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">skip=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">nosigint=False</em>, <em class="sig-param">readrc=True</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.Pdb" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="#pdb.Pdb" title="pdb.Pdb"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Pdb</span></code></a> 是调试器类。</p>
|
||
<p><em>completekey</em>、<em>stdin</em> 和 <em>stdout</em> 参数都会传递给底层的 <a class="reference internal" href="cmd.html#cmd.Cmd" title="cmd.Cmd"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cmd.Cmd</span></code></a> 类，请参考相应的描述。</p>
|
||
<p>如果给出 <em>skip</em> 参数，则它必须是一个迭代器，可以迭代出 glob-style 样式的模块名称。如果遇到匹配上述样式的模块，调试器将不会进入来自该模块的堆栈帧。 <a class="footnote-reference brackets" href="#id3" id="id1">1</a></p>
|
||
<p>默认情况下，当发出 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code> 命令时，Pdb 将为 SIGINT 信号设置一个处理程序（SIGINT 信号是用户在控制台按 <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Ctrl-C</kbd> 时发出的）。这使用户可以按 <kbd class="kbd docutils literal notranslate">Ctrl-C</kbd> 再次进入调试器。如果希望 Pdb 不要修改 SIGINT 处理程序，请将 <em>nosigint</em> 设置为 true。</p>
|
||
<p><em>readrc</em> 参数默认为 true，它控制 Pdb 是否从文件系统加载 .pdbrc 文件。</p>
|
||
<p>启用跟踪且带有 <em>skip</em> 参数的调用示范:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">pdb</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">pdb</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Pdb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">skip</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'django.*'</span><span class="p">])</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_trace</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p class="audit-hook">引发一个不带参数的 <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#auditing"><span class="std std-ref">审计事件</span></a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb.Pdb</span></code>。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.1 新版功能: </span><em>skip</em> 参数。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能: </span><em>nosigint</em> 参数。在这之前，Pdb 不为 SIGINT 设置处理程序。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.6 版更改: </span><em>readrc</em> 参数。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<dl class="method">
|
||
<dt id="pdb.Pdb.run">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">run</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">statement</em>, <em class="sig-param">globals=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">locals=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.Pdb.run" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dt id="pdb.Pdb.runeval">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">runeval</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">expression</em>, <em class="sig-param">globals=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">locals=None</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.Pdb.runeval" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dt id="pdb.Pdb.runcall">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">runcall</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">function</em>, <em class="sig-param">*args</em>, <em class="sig-param">**kwds</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.Pdb.runcall" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dt id="pdb.Pdb.set_trace">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">set_trace</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#pdb.Pdb.set_trace" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>请参阅上文解释同名函数的文档。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<section id="debugger-commands">
|
||
<span id="id2"></span><h2>调试器命令<a class="headerlink" href="#debugger-commands" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>下方列出的是调试器可接受的命令。如下所示，大多数命令可以缩写为一个或两个字母。如 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">h(elp)</span></code> 表示可以输入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">h</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">help</span></code> 来输入帮助命令（但不能输入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">he</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hel</span></code>，也不能是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">H</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Help</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HELP</span></code>）。命令的参数必须用空格（空格符或制表符）分隔。在命令语法中，可选参数括在方括号 (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[]</span></code>) 中，使用时请勿输入方括号。命令语法中的选择项由竖线 (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">|</span></code>) 分隔。</p>
|
||
<p>输入一个空白行将重复最后输入的命令。例外：如果最后一个命令是 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-list"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code></a> 命令，则会列出接下来的 11 行。</p>
|
||
<p>调试器无法识别的命令将被认为是 Python 语句，并在正在调试的程序的上下文中执行。Python 语句也可以用感叹号 (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">!</span></code>) 作为前缀。这是检查正在调试的程序的强大方法，甚至可以修改变量或调用函数。当此类语句发生异常，将打印异常名称，但调试器的状态不会改变。</p>
|
||
<p>调试器支持 <a class="reference internal" href="#debugger-aliases"><span class="std std-ref">别名</span></a>。别名可以有参数，使得调试器对被检查的上下文有一定程度的适应性。</p>
|
||
<p>在一行中可以输入多个命令，以 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">;;</span></code> 分隔。（不能使用单个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">;</span></code>，因为它用于分隔传递给 Python 解释器的一行中的多条语句。）切分命令很无脑，总是在第一个 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">;;</span></code> 对处将输入切分开，即使它位于带引号的字符串之中。</p>
|
||
<p id="index-2">如果文件 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pdbrc</span></code> 存在于用户主目录或当前目录中，则将其读入并执行，等同于在调试器提示符下键入该文件。这对于别名很有用。若两个文件都存在则首先读取主目录中的文件，且本地文件可以覆盖其中定义的别名。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.2 版更改: </span><code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pdbrc</span></code> 现在可以包含继续调试的命令，如 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-continue"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-next"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">next</span></code></a>。文件中的这些命令以前是无效的。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-help">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">h(elp)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [command]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-help" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>不带参数时，显示可用的命令列表。参数为 <em>command</em> 时，打印有关该命令的帮助。<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">help</span> <span class="pre">pdb</span></code> 显示完整文档（即 <a class="reference internal" href="#module-pdb" title="pdb: The Python debugger for interactive interpreters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb</span></code></a> 模块的文档字符串）。由于 <em>command</em> 参数必须是标识符，因此要获取 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">!</span></code> 的帮助必须输入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">help</span> <span class="pre">exec</span></code>。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-where">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">w(here)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-where" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>打印堆栈回溯，最新一帧在底部。有一个箭头指向当前帧，该帧决定了大多数命令的上下文。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-down">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">d(own)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [count]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-down" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在堆栈回溯中，将当前帧向下移动 <em>count</em> 级（默认为 1 级，移向更新的帧）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-up">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">u(p)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [count]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-up" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在堆栈回溯中，将当前帧向上移动 <em>count</em> 级（默认为 1 级，移向更老的帧）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-break">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">b(reak)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [([filename:]lineno | function) [, condition]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-break" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>如果带有 <em>lineno</em> 参数，则在当前文件相应行处设置一个断点。如果带有 <em>function</em> 参数，则在该函数的第一条可执行语句处设置一个断点。行号可以加上文件名和冒号作为前缀，以在另一个文件（可能是尚未加载的文件）中设置一个断点。另一个文件将在 <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.path" title="sys.path"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code></a> 范围内搜索。请注意，每个断点都分配有一个编号，其他所有断点命令都引用该编号。</p>
|
||
<p>如果第二个参数存在，它应该是一个表达式，且它的计算值为 true 时断点才起作用。</p>
|
||
<p>如果不带参数执行，将列出所有中断，包括每个断点、命中该断点的次数、当前的忽略次数以及关联的条件（如果有）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-tbreak">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">tbreak</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [([filename:]lineno | function) [, condition]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-tbreak" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>临时断点，在第一次命中时会自动删除。它的参数与 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-break"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">break</span></code></a> 相同。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-clear">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">cl(ear)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [filename:lineno | bpnumber [bpnumber ...]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-clear" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>如果参数是 <em>filename:lineno</em>，则清除此行上的所有断点。如果参数是空格分隔的断点编号列表，则清除这些断点。如果不带参数，则清除所有断点（但会先提示确认）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-disable">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">disable</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [bpnumber [bpnumber ...]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-disable" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>禁用断点，断点以空格分隔的断点编号列表给出。禁用断点表示它不会导致程序停止执行，但是与清除断点不同，禁用的断点将保留在断点列表中并且可以（重新）启用。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-enable">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">enable</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [bpnumber [bpnumber ...]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-enable" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>启用指定的断点。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-ignore">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">ignore</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> bpnumber [count]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-ignore" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>为指定的断点编号设置忽略次数。如果省略 count，则忽略次数将设置为 0。忽略次数为 0 时断点将变为活动状态。如果为非零值，在每次达到断点，且断点未禁用，且关联条件计算值为 true 的情况下，该忽略次数会递减。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-condition">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">condition</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> bpnumber [condition]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-condition" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>为断点设置一个新 <em>condition</em>，它是一个表达式，且它的计算值为 true 时断点才起作用。如果没有给出 <em>condition</em>，则删除现有条件，也就是将断点设为无条件。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-commands">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">commands</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [bpnumber]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-commands" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>为编号是 <em>bpnumber</em> 的断点指定一系列命令。命令内容将显示在后续的几行中。输入仅包含 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">end</span></code> 的行来结束命令列表。举个例子:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pdb</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">commands</span> <span class="mi">1</span>
|
||
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">p</span> <span class="n">some_variable</span>
|
||
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="n">end</span>
|
||
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pdb</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>要删除断点上的所有命令，请输入 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">commands</span></code> 并立即以 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">end</span></code> 结尾，也就是不指定任何命令。</p>
|
||
<p>如果不带 <em>bpnumber</em> 参数，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">commands</span></code> 作用于最后一个被设置的断点。</p>
|
||
<p>可以为断点指定命令来重新启动程序。只需使用 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-continue"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code></a> 或 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-step"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">step</span></code></a> 命令或其他可以继续运行程序的命令。</p>
|
||
<p>如果指定了某个继续运行程序的命令（目前包括 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-continue"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">continue</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-step"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">step</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-next"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">next</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-return"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">return</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-jump"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">jump</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-quit"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">quit</span></code></a> 及它们的缩写）将终止命令列表（就像该命令后紧跟着 end）。因为在任何时候继续运行下去（即使是简单的 next 或 step），都可能会遇到另一个断点，该断点可能具有自己的命令列表，这导致要执行的列表含糊不清。</p>
|
||
<p>如果在命令列表中加入 'silent' 命令，那么在该断点处停下时就不会打印常规信息。如果希望断点打印特定信息后继续运行，这可能是理想的。如果没有其他命令来打印一些信息，则看不到已达到断点的迹象。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-step">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">s(tep)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-step" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>运行当前行，在第一个可以停止的位置（在被调用的函数内部或在当前函数的下一行）停下。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-next">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">n(ext)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-next" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>继续运行，直到运行到当前函数的下一行，或当前函数返回为止。（ <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-next"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">next</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-step"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">step</span></code></a> 之间的区别在于，<a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-step"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">step</span></code></a> 进入被调用函数内部并停止，而 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-next"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">next</span></code></a> （几乎）全速运行被调用函数，仅在当前函数的下一行停止。）</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-until">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">unt(il)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [lineno]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-until" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>如果不带参数，则继续运行，直到行号比当前行大时停止。</p>
|
||
<p>如果带有行号，则继续运行，直到行号大于或等于该行号时停止。在这两种情况下，当前帧返回时也将停止。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionchanged">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified changed">在 3.2 版更改: </span>允许明确给定行号。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-return">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">r(eturn)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-return" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>继续运行，直到当前函数返回。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-continue">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">c(ont(inue))</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-continue" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>继续运行，仅在遇到断点时停止。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-jump">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">j(ump)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> lineno</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-jump" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>设置即将运行的下一行。仅可用于堆栈最底部的帧。它可以往回跳来再次运行代码，也可以往前跳来跳过不想运行的代码。</p>
|
||
<p>需要注意的是，不是所有的跳转都是允许的 -- 例如，不能跳转到 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#for"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">for</span></code></a> 循环的中间或跳出 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#finally"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">finally</span></code></a> 子句。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-list">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">l(ist)</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [first[, last]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-list" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>列出当前文件的源代码。如果不带参数，则列出当前行周围的 11 行，或延续前一次列出。如果用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.</span></code> 作为参数，则列出当前行周围的 11 行。如果带有一个参数，则列出那一行周围的 11 行。如果带有两个参数，则列出所给的范围中的代码；如果第二个参数小于第一个参数，则将其解释为列出行数的计数。</p>
|
||
<p>当前帧中的当前行用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-></span></code> 标记。如果正在调试异常，且最早抛出或传递该异常的行不是当前行，则那一行用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">>></span></code> 标记。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能: </span><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">>></span></code> 标记。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-ll">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">ll</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> | longlist</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-ll" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>列出当前函数或帧的所有源代码。相关行的标记与 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-list"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code></a> 相同。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-args">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">a(rgs)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-args" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>打印当前函数的参数列表。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-p">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">p</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> expression</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-p" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在当前上下文中运行 <em>expression</em> 并打印它的值。</p>
|
||
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
<p class="admonition-title">注解</p>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print()</span></code> 也可以使用，但它不是一个调试器命令 --- 它执行 Python <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#print" title="print"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">print()</span></code></a> 函数。</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-pp">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">pp</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> expression</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-pp" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>与 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-p"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">p</span></code></a> 命令类似，但表达式的值使用 <a class="reference internal" href="pprint.html#module-pprint" title="pprint: Data pretty printer."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pprint</span></code></a> 模块美观地打印。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-whatis">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">whatis</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> expression</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-whatis" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>打印 <em>expression</em> 的类型。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-source">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">source</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> expression</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-source" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>尝试获取给定对象的源代码并显示出来。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-display">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">display</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [expression]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-display" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>如果表达式的值发生改变则显示它的值，每次将停止执行当前帧。</p>
|
||
<p>不带表达式则列出当前帧的所有显示表达式。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-undisplay">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">undisplay</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [expression]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-undisplay" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>不再显示当前帧中的表达式。 不带表达式则清除当前帧的所有显示表达式。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-interact">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">interact</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-interact" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>启动一个交互式解释器（使用 <a class="reference internal" href="code.html#module-code" title="code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">code</span></code></a> 模块），它的全局命名空间将包含当前作用域中的所有（全局和局部）名称。</p>
|
||
<div class="versionadded">
|
||
<p><span class="versionmodified added">3.2 新版功能.</span></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<span class="target" id="debugger-aliases"></span><dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-alias">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">alias</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [name [command]]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-alias" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>创建一个标识为 <em>name</em> 的别名来执行 <em>command</em>。 执行的命令 <em>不可</em> 加上引号。 可替换形参可通过 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%2</span></code> 等来标示，而 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">%*</span></code> 会被所有形参所替换。 如果没有给出命令，则会显示 <em>name</em> 的当前别名。 如果没有给出参数，则会列出所有别名。</p>
|
||
<p>别名允许嵌套并可包含能在 pdb 提示符下合法输入的任何内容。 请注意内部 pdb 命令 <em>可以</em> 被别名所覆盖。 这样的命令将被隐藏直到别名被移除。 别名会递归地应用到命令行的第一个单词；行内的其他单词不会受影响。</p>
|
||
<p>作为示例，这里列出了两个有用的别名（特别适合放在 <code class="file docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.pdbrc</span></code> 文件中）:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Print instance variables (usage "pi classInst")</span>
|
||
<span class="n">alias</span> <span class="n">pi</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">k</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="o">%</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="vm">__dict__</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">():</span> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"%1."</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="s2">"="</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">%</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="vm">__dict__</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">k</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Print instance variables in self</span>
|
||
<span class="n">alias</span> <span class="n">ps</span> <span class="n">pi</span> <span class="bp">self</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-unalias">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">unalias</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-unalias" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>删除指定的别名。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-!">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">!</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> statement</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-!" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>在当前堆栈帧的上下文中执行 (单行) <em>statement</em>。 感叹号可以被省略，除非语句的第一个单词与调试器命令重名。 要设置全局变量，你可以在同一行上为赋值命令添加前缀的 <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/simple_stmts.html#global"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">global</span></code></a> 语句，例如:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pdb</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">global</span> <span class="n">list_options</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">list_options</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'-l'</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
||
<span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pdb</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-run">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">run</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [args ...]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-run" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-restart">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">restart</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> [args ...]</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-restart" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>重启被调试的 Python 程序。 如果提供了参数，它会用 <a class="reference internal" href="shlex.html#module-shlex" title="shlex: Simple lexical analysis for Unix shell-like languages."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">shlex</span></code></a> 来拆分且拆分结果将被用作新的 <a class="reference internal" href="sys.html#sys.argv" title="sys.argv"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.argv</span></code></a>。 历史、中断点、动作和调试器选项将被保留。 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-restart"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">restart</span></code></a> 是 <a class="reference internal" href="#pdbcommand-run"><code class="xref std std-pdbcmd docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run</span></code></a> 的一个别名。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-quit">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">q(uit)</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-quit" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>退出调试器。 被执行的程序将被中止。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-debug">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">debug</code><code class="sig-prename descclassname"> code</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-debug" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>进入一个对代码参数执行步进的递归调试器（该参数是在当前环境中执行的任意表达式或语句）。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<dl class="pdbcommand">
|
||
<dt id="pdbcommand-retval">
|
||
<code class="sig-name descname">retval</code><a class="headerlink" href="#pdbcommand-retval" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>打印函数最后一次返回的返回值。</p>
|
||
</dd></dl>
|
||
|
||
<p class="rubric">备注</p>
|
||
<dl class="footnote brackets">
|
||
<dt class="label" id="id3"><span class="brackets"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">1</a></span></dt>
|
||
<dd><p>一个帧是否会被认为源自特定模块是由帧全局变量 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__name__</span></code> 来决定的。</p>
|
||
</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
|
||
<h3><a href="../contents.html">目录</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pdb</span></code> --- Python 的调试器</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debugger-commands">调试器命令</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>上一个主题</h4>
|
||
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