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<section id="module-modulefinder">
<span id="modulefinder-find-modules-used-by-a-script"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-modulefinder" title="modulefinder: Find modules used by a script."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">modulefinder</span></code></a> --- 查找脚本使用的模块<a class="headerlink" href="#module-modulefinder" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h1>
<p><strong>源码：</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.8/Lib/modulefinder.py">Lib/modulefinder.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>该模块提供了一个 <a class="reference internal" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder" title="modulefinder.ModuleFinder"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ModuleFinder</span></code></a> 类，可用于确定脚本导入的模块集。 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">modulefinder.py</span></code> 也可以作为脚本运行，给出 Python 脚本的文件名作为参数，之后将打印导入模块的报告。</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="modulefinder.AddPackagePath">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">modulefinder.</code><code class="sig-name descname">AddPackagePath</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">pkg_name</em>, <em class="sig-param">path</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.AddPackagePath" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>记录名为 <em>pkg_name</em> 的包可以在指定的 <em>path</em> 中找到。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="modulefinder.ReplacePackage">
<code class="sig-prename descclassname">modulefinder.</code><code class="sig-name descname">ReplacePackage</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">oldname</em>, <em class="sig-param">newname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.ReplacePackage" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>允许指定名为 <em>oldname</em> 的模块实际上是名为 <em>newname</em> 的包。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="modulefinder.ModuleFinder">
<em class="property">class </em><code class="sig-prename descclassname">modulefinder.</code><code class="sig-name descname">ModuleFinder</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">path=None</em>, <em class="sig-param">debug=0</em>, <em class="sig-param">excludes=[]</em>, <em class="sig-param">replace_paths=[]</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>该类提供 <a class="reference internal" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder.run_script" title="modulefinder.ModuleFinder.run_script"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run_script()</span></code></a> 和 <a class="reference internal" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder.report" title="modulefinder.ModuleFinder.report"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">report()</span></code></a> 方法，用于确定脚本导入的模块集。 <em>path</em> 可以是搜索模块的目录列表；如果没有指定，则使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.path</span></code> 。 <em>debug</em> 设置调试级别；更高的值使类打印调试消息，关于它正在做什么。 <em>excludes</em> 是要从分析中排除的模块名称列表。 <em>replace_paths</em> 是将在模块路径中替换的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(oldpath,</span> <span class="pre">newpath)</span></code> 元组的列表。</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="modulefinder.ModuleFinder.report">
<code class="sig-name descname">report</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder.report" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>将报告打印到标准输出，列出脚本导入的模块及其路径，以及缺少或似乎缺失的模块。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="modulefinder.ModuleFinder.run_script">
<code class="sig-name descname">run_script</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param">pathname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder.run_script" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>分析 <em>pathname</em> 文件的内容，该文件必须包含 Python 代码。</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="attribute">
<dt id="modulefinder.ModuleFinder.modules">
<code class="sig-name descname">modules</code><a class="headerlink" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder.modules" title="永久链接至目标"></a></dt>
<dd><p>一个将模块名称映射到模块的字典。 请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="#modulefinder-example"><span class="std std-ref">ModuleFinder 的示例用法</span></a>。</p>
</dd></dl>
</dd></dl>
<section id="example-usage-of-modulefinder">
<span id="modulefinder-example"></span><h2><a class="reference internal" href="#modulefinder.ModuleFinder" title="modulefinder.ModuleFinder"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ModuleFinder</span></code></a> 的示例用法<a class="headerlink" href="#example-usage-of-modulefinder" title="永久链接至标题"></a></h2>
<p>稍后将分析的脚本（bacon.py）:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">re</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nn">itertools</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">baconhameggs</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">guido.python.ham</span>
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ImportError</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">pass</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>将输出 bacon.py 报告的脚本:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">modulefinder</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ModuleFinder</span>
<span class="n">finder</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ModuleFinder</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">finder</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run_script</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;bacon.py&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Loaded modules:&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mod</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">finder</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">modules</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">():</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s1">: &#39;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">end</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mod</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">globalnames</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">())[:</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">]))</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;-&#39;</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Modules not imported:&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">finder</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">badmodules</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">keys</span><span class="p">()))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>输出样例（可能因架构而异）:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">Loaded</span> <span class="n">modules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">_types</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">copyreg</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_inverted_registry</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">_slotnames</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">__all__</span>
<span class="n">sre_compile</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">isstring</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">_sre</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">_optimize_unicode</span>
<span class="n">_sre</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">sre_constants</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">REPEAT_ONE</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">makedict</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">AT_END_LINE</span>
<span class="n">sys</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">re</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="vm">__module__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">finditer</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">_expand</span>
<span class="n">itertools</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">__main__</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">re</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">itertools</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">baconhameggs</span>
<span class="n">sre_parse</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_PATTERNENDERS</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">SRE_FLAG_UNICODE</span>
<span class="n">array</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">types</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="vm">__module__</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">IntType</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">TypeType</span>
<span class="o">---------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="n">Modules</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">imported</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">guido</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">python</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ham</span>
<span class="n">baconhameggs</span>
</pre></div>
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