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87 lines
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<title>C++ 具名要求：定时互斥体 (TimedMutex)</title>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">C++ 具名要求：</span><span style="font-style:italic">定时互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedMutex)</span></h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-named_req.html">named req</a></span></div>
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<p><strong class="selflink"><span style="font-style:italic">定时互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedMutex)</span></strong> 要求扩展<a href="cpp-named_req-TimedLockable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可定时锁定</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedLockable)</span></a> 要求，以包含线程间同步。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.A6.81.E6.B1.82">要求</span></h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="cpp-named_req-TimedLockable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可定时锁定</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedLockable)</span></a></li>
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<li><a href="cpp-named_req-Mutex.html"><span style="font-style:italic">互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Mutex)</span></a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>另外，对于<span style="font-style:italic">定时互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedMutex)</span> 类型对象 <code><b>m</b></code> 。</p>
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<ul>
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<li>表达式 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">try_lock_for</span><span class="br0">(</span>duration<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 拥有下列属性</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>表现为原子操作。</li>
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<li>试图在 <code>duration</code> 所指定的时长内获得互斥的排他性所有权。若 <code>duration</code> 小于或等于 <code>duration.zero()</code> ，则试图获得所有权而不阻塞（如同用 <code>try_lock()</code> ）。否则，此函数将阻塞直至得到互斥，或直至经过 <code>duration</code> 所指定的时长。它仅若成功才在 <code>duration</code> 内返回，但允许获得互斥失败，即使在 <code>duration</code> 期间的某点，互斥不为另一线程所占有。任何情况下，若得到互斥则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> ，否则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 。</li>
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<li>若 <code>try_lock_for(duration)</code> 成功，则同一对象上先前的 <code>unlock()</code> 操作<i>同步于</i>此操作（等价于释放获得内存顺序 (<span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-atomic-memory_order.html">std::memory_order</a></span>) ）。</li>
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<li>若调用方线程已占有互斥，则行为未定义（除非 m 是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-recursive_timed_mutex.html">std::recursive_timed_mutex</a></span> ）。</li>
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<li>执行期间时钟、时间点或时长可能抛出异常（标准库提供的时钟、时间点及时长决不抛出）。</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<ul>
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<li>表达式 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">m.<span class="me1">try_lock_until</span><span class="br0">(</span>time_point<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 拥有下列属性</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>表现为原子操作。</li>
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<li>试图在到 <code>time_point</code> 为止的剩余时间内获得互斥的排他性所有权。若已经过 <code>time_point</code> ，则试图获得所有权而不阻塞（如同用 <code>try_lock()</code> ）。否则，此函数将阻塞直至得到互斥，或直至经过 <code>time_point</code> 所指定的时间点。它仅若成功才在 <code>time_point</code> 前返回，但允许获得互斥失败，即使在 <code>time_point</code> 前的某点，互斥不为另一线程所占有。任何情况下，若得到互斥则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">true</span></span></span> ，否则返回 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 。</li>
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<li>若 <code>try_lock_until(time_point)</code> 成功，则同一对象上先前的 <code>unlock()</code> 操作<i>同步于</i>此操作（等价于释放获得内存顺序 (<span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-atomic-memory_order.html">std::memory_order</a></span>) ）。</li>
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<li>若调用方线程已占有互斥，则行为未定义（除非 m 是 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-recursive_timed_mutex.html">std::recursive_timed_mutex</a></span> ）。</li>
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<li>执行期间时钟、时间点或时长可能抛出异常（标准库提供的时钟、时间点及时长决不抛出）。</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BA.93.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">库类型</span></h3>
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<p>下列标准库类型满足<strong class="selflink"><span style="font-style:italic">定时互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedMutex)</span></strong> ：</p>
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<ul>
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<li><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-timed_mutex.html">std::timed_mutex</a></span></li>
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<li><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-recursive_timed_mutex.html">std::recursive_timed_mutex</a></span></li>
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<li><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex.html">std::shared_timed_mutex</a></span></li>
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</ul>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h3>
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<p>下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。</p>
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<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
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<tr>
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<th>DR</th>
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<th>应用于</th>
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<th>出版时的行为</th>
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<th>正确行为</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cplusplus.github.io/LWG/issue2093">LWG 2093</a></td>
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<td>C++11</td>
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<td>规范中缺失超时相关异常</td>
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<td>已提及</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="cpp-thread.html">线程支持库</a></li>
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<li><a href="cpp-named_req-TimedLockable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可定时锁定</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(TimedLockable)</span></a></li>
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<li><a href="cpp-named_req-Mutex.html"><span style="font-style:italic">互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(Mutex)</span></a></li>
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</ul>
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