279 lines
16 KiB
HTML
279 lines
16 KiB
HTML
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<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
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<title>std::collate_byname</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_locale_collate_byname skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>collate_byname</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-locale.html">locale</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-locale.html"><locale></a></code></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> collate_byname <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="kw1">public</span> <a href="cpp-locale-collate.html"><span class="kw1943">std::<span class="me2">collate</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<p><span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::collate_byname</strong></span> 是封装本地环境限定对照（比较）和字符串哈希的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-locale-collate.html">std::collate</a></span> 平面。正如同 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-locale-collate.html">std::collate</a></span> ，它可以感染于 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex.html">std::regex</a></span> ，并以 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">locale</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">operator</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 直接应用到所有期待 string 比较谓词的标准算法。</p>
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<p>标准库提供二个特化</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-locale.html"><locale></a></code></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">collate_byname</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
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<td>多字节字符串的本地环境限定对照</td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">collate_byname</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
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<td>宽字符串的本地环境限定对照</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></strong></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>构造新的 <code>collate_byname</code> 平面<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></strong></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>析构 <code>collate_byname</code> 平面<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(受保护成员函数)</span></td>
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</table>
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<div class="t-template-editlink" style=""></div>
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<div class="t-member">
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="std::collate_byname::collate_byname"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::collate_byname::</span>collate_byname</span></h2>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> collate_byname<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy2">*</span> name, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> refs <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> collate_byname<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1230">std::<span class="me2">string</span></span></a><span class="sy3">&</span> name, <a href="cpp-types-size_t.html"><span class="kw100">std::<span class="me2">size_t</span></span></a> refs <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="nu0">0</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<p>为名为 <code>name</code> 的本地环境构造新的 <code>std::collate_byname</code> 平面。</p>
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<p><code>refs</code> 用于资源管理：在销毁最后一个保有平面的 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-locale-locale.html"><span class="kw1894">std::<span class="me2">locale</span></span></a></span></span> 对象时，若 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">refs <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="nu0">0</span></span></span> ，则实现销毁平面对象。否则，不销毁对象。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>name</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>本地环境的名称</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>refs</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>链接到该平面的引用数</td>
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<div class="t-template-editlink" style=""></div>
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<div class="t-member">
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="std::collate_byname::.7Ecollate_byname"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::collate_byname::</span>~collate_byname</span></h2>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">protected</span><span class="sy4">:</span><br />
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~collate_byname<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<p>销毁平面。</p>
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</div>
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<div class="t-inherited">
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BB.A7.E6.89.BF.E8.87.AA_std::collate">继承自 <a href="cpp-locale-collate.html"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>collate</a></span></h2>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
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<td>成员类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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<td><code>char_type</code></td>
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<td><code>charT</code></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>string_type</code></td>
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<td><code>std::basic_string<charT></code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0_2">成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-compare.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>compare</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>调用 <code>do_compare</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-transform.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>transform</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>调用 <code>do_transform</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-hash.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>hash</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>调用 <code>do_hash</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.97.E4.BF.9D.E6.8A.A4.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">受保护成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-compare.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>do_compare</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[虚]</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>用此平面的对照规则比较二个字符串<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的虚受保护成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-transform.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>do_transform</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[虚]</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>变换字符串，使得能用比较替换对照<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的虚受保护成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate-hash.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>do_hash</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[虚]</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>生成使用此平面对照规则的整数哈希值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::collate<CharT></code> 的虚受保护成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E6.84.8F">注意</span></h3>
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<p>对照顺序为字典顺序：国家字母表（其<i>等价类</i>）中字母的位置拥有高于其大小写或变体的优先级。在等价类内，小写字符先于其大写等价物对照，而且本地环境限定的顺序可能应用到有发音符号的字符。一些本地环境中，字符组作为单个<i>对照单元</i>比较。例如， <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"ch"</span></span></span> 在捷克语中后随 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"h"</span></span></span> 而前趋 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"i"</span></span></span> ， <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"dzs"</span></span></span> 在匈牙利语中后随 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"dz"</span></span></span> 而前趋 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="st0">"g"</span></span></span> 。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<table class="metadata plainlinks ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" style="">
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<td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td>
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<td class="mbox-text" style="">本节未完成<br />
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原因：暂无示例</td>
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</tr>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-collate.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>collate</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>定义字典序比较和字符串的散列<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-string-byte-strcoll.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>strcoll</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>按照当前本地环境比较两个字符串<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-string-wide-wcscoll.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wcscoll</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>按照当前本地环境比较两个宽字符串<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-locale-locale-operator().html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator()</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>用此 locale 的 collate 刻面以字典序比较两个字符串<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::locale</code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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