183 lines
12 KiB
HTML
183 lines
12 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::vector<T,Allocator>::erase</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_container_vector_erase skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-page-template cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::vector<T,Allocator>::</span>erase</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container.html">container</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container-vector.html">vector</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<div class="t-page-template" style="">
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<p></p>
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</div>
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<tbody></tbody>
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<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num">
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<td></td>
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<td rowspan="142">(1)</td>
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<td></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> iterator pos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11 t-until-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> const_iterator pos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> const_iterator pos <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<td rowspan="142">(2)</td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> iterator first, iterator last <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11 t-until-cxx20">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> const_iterator first, const_iterator last <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 前)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">constexpr</span> iterator erase<span class="br0">(</span> const_iterator first, const_iterator last <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<p>从容器擦除指定的元素。</p>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 移除位于 <code>pos</code> 的元素。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 移除范围 <code>[first; last)</code> 中的元素。</div>
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<p>非法化位于擦除点或之后的迭代器，包含 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector-end.html">end()</a></span> 迭代器。</p>
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<p>迭代器 <code>pos</code> 必须合法且可解引用。从而不能以 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector-end.html">end()</a></span> 迭代器（合法，但不可解引用）为 <code>pos</code> 的值。</p>
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<p>若 <code>first==last</code> 则迭代器 <code>first</code> 不必可解引用：擦除空范围是无操作。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>pos</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指向要移除的元素的迭代器</td>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>first, last</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要移除的元素范围</td>
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<tr class="t-par-hitem">
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<td colspan="3">类型要求</td>
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<tr class="t-par-req">
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<td colspan="3">-
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<code>T</code> 必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-MoveAssignable.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可移动赋值</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(MoveAssignable)</span></a> 的要求。</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>后随最后移除元素的迭代器。</p>
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<p>若 <code>pos</code> 指代末元素，则返回 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector-end.html">end()</a></span> 迭代器。</p>
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<p>若在移除前 <code>last == end()</code> ，则返回更新的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector-end.html">end()</a></span> 迭代器。</p>
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<p>若 <code>[first, last)</code> 为空范围，则返回 <code>last</code> 。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.82.E5.B8.B8">异常</span></h3>
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<p>不抛出，除非 <code>T</code> 的赋值运算符抛异常。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
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<p>线性：调用 T 析构函数的次数与被擦除的元素数相同，调用 T 赋值运算符的次数与 vector 中被擦除元素后的元素数相等。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <vector></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-container-vector.html"><span class="kw1269">std::<span class="me2">vector</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span> c<span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">0</span>, <span class="nu0">1</span>, <span class="nu0">2</span>, <span class="nu0">3</span>, <span class="nu0">4</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span>, <span class="nu0">6</span>, <span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span>, <span class="nu0">9</span><span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>i <span class="sy4">:</span> c<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> i <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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c.<span class="me1">erase</span><span class="br0">(</span>c.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>i <span class="sy4">:</span> c<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> i <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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c.<span class="me1">erase</span><span class="br0">(</span>c.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">+</span><span class="nu0">2</span>, c.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy2">+</span><span class="nu0">5</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>i <span class="sy4">:</span> c<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> i <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
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1 2 6 7 8 9</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-vector-clear.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>clear</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>清除内容<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</body>
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