234 lines
12 KiB
HTML
234 lines
12 KiB
HTML
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<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
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<title>std::linear_congruential_engine</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_numeric_random_linear_congruential_engine skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>linear_congruential_engine</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-numeric.html">numeric</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-numeric-random.html">random</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-random.html"><random></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> UIntType,<br />
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UIntType a,<br />
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UIntType c,<br />
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UIntType m<br /></p>
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<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw1">class</span> linear_congruential_engine<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<p><code>linear_congruential_engine</code> 是基于<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator" class="extiw" title="enwiki:Linear congruential generator">线性同余生成器 (LCG)</a> 的随机数引擎。 LCG 拥有以单个整数构成的状态。</p>
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<p>LCG 函数的变换算法是 <span class="mjax" style="display:none">\(\small{x_{i+1}\leftarrow(a x_i + c)\mod m}\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">x<span class="t-su t-su-b"><br />
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i+1</span> ← (ax<span class="t-su t-su-b"><br />
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i</span>+c) mod m</span> 。</p>
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<p>下列 typedef 定义有二种常用参数集的随机数引擎：</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-random.html"><random></a></code></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
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<td>类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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<td><code>minstd_rand0</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">linear_congruential_engine</span><span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-types-integer.html"><span class="kw126">std::<span class="me2">uint_fast32_t</span></span></a>, <span class="nu0">16807</span>, <span class="nu0">0</span>, <span class="nu0">2147483647</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span><br />
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<p>由 Lewis、Goodman 及 Miller 发现于 1969，由 Park 与 Miller 于 1988 采纳为“最小标准”</p>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>minstd_rand</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">linear_congruential_engine</span><span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-types-integer.html"><span class="kw126">std::<span class="me2">uint_fast32_t</span></span></a>, <span class="nu0">48271</span>, <span class="nu0">0</span>, <span class="nu0">2147483647</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span><br />
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<p>较新的“最小标准”，为 Park、 Miller 及 Stockmeyer 于 1993 推荐</p>
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</td>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
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<td>成员类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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<td><code>result_type</code><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></td>
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<td>引擎所生成的整数类型。若此非无符号整数类型则结果未定义。</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.9E.84.E9.80.A0.E4.B8.8E.E6.92.AD.E7.A7.8D">构造与播种</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-linear_congruential_engine.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>构造引擎<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-seed.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>seed</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>设置引擎的当前状态<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.94.9F.E6.88.90">生成</span></h5>
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</td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-operator().html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator()</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>推进引擎状态并返回生成的值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-discard.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>discard</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>令引擎状态前进指定量<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.89.B9.E5.BE.81">特征</span></h5>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-min.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>min</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获取输出范围中的最小可能值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-max.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>max</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获取输出范围中的最大可能值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-operator_cmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx20">(C++20 中移除)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>比较两个伪随机数引擎的内部状态<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-random-linear_congruential_engine-operator_ltltgtgt.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator<<</span><span>operator>></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>执行伪随机数引擎的流输入和输出<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.B8.B8.E9.87.8F">成员常量</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">constexpr UIntType</span> multiplier</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>乘数项 (a) 。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">constexpr UIntType</span> increment</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>增量项 (c) 。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">constexpr UIntType</span> modulus</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>模项 (m) 。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">constexpr UIntType</span> default_seed</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[静态]</span> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>默认种子 (<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="nu0">1</span></span></span>) 。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开静态成员常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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