333 lines
23 KiB
HTML
333 lines
23 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::ranges::subrange</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_ranges_subrange skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::ranges::</span>subrange</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-ranges.html">ranges</a></span></div>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-ranges.html"><ranges></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
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<p> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">input_or_output_iterator</span> I,<br />
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std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I<span class="sy1">></span> S <span class="sy1">=</span> I,<br />
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange_kind</span> K <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized_sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>S, I<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="sy4">?</span><br />
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange_kind</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange_kind</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">unsized</span><br />
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<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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requires <span class="br0">(</span>K <span class="sy1">==</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange_kind</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized</span> <span class="sy3">||</span> <span class="sy3">!</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized_sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>S, I<span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">)</span><br /></p>
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<span class="kw1">class</span> subrange <span class="sy4">:</span> <span class="kw1">public</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">view_interface</span><span class="sy1"><</span>subrange<span class="sy1"><</span>I, S, K<span class="sy1">>></span></div>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<p><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">subrange</span></span> 类模板组合一个迭代器与一个哨位到单个 <a href="cpp-ranges-view.html"><code>view</code></a> 中。</p>
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<p>另外， <code>subrange</code> 凡在最后的模板形参为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">subrange_kind​<span class="sy4">::</span>​sized</span></span> 时（在 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">sized_sentinel_for<span class="sy1"><</span>S, I<span class="sy1">></span></span></span> 得到满足或显式传递大小为构造函数参数时发生）为 <a href="cpp-ranges-sized_range.html"><code>sized_range</code></a> 。当且仅当 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized_sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>S, I<span class="sy1">></span></span></span> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw2">false</span></span></span> 且 <code>K</code> 为 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">subrange_kind<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized</span></span></span> 才需要存储大小记录。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-subrange.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>创建新的 <code>subrange</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-operator_PairLike.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator PairLike</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>转换 <code>subrange</code> 为 pair 式类型<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.A7.82.E5.AF.9F.E5.99.A8">观察器</span></h5>
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</td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-begin.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>begin</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获得迭代器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-end.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>end</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获得哨位<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-empty.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>检查 <code>subrange</code> 是否为空<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>size</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获得 <code>subrange</code> 的大小<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.AD.E4.BB.A3.E5.99.A8.E6.93.8D.E4.BD.9C">迭代器操作</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-advance.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>advance</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>以给定距离前进迭代器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-prev.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>prev</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>以给定距离减少迭代器并返回原 <code>subrange</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-next.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>next</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>以给定距离前进迭代器并返回原 <code>subrange</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BB.A7.E6.89.BF.E8.87.AA_std::ranges::view_interface">继承自 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::view_interface</span></span></h5>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface-operator_bool.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator bool</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回派生视图是否为非空。若 <span class="t-lc">ranges::empty</span> 可应用于它则提供。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::ranges::view_interface<D></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface-data.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>data</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回派生视图的数据的地址。若视图的迭代器类型满足 <a href="cpp-iterator-contiguous_iterator.html"><code>contiguous_iterator</code></a> 则提供。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::ranges::view_interface<D></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface-front.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>front</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回派生视图中的首元素。若视图满足 <a href="cpp-ranges-forward_range.html"><code>forward_range</code></a> 则提供。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::ranges::view_interface<D></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface-back.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>back</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回派生视图中的末元素。若视图满足 <a href="cpp-ranges-bidirectional_range.html"><code>bidirectional_range</code></a> 与 <a href="cpp-ranges-common_range.html"><code>common_range</code></a> 则提供。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::ranges::view_interface<D></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface-operator_at.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator[]</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回派生视图中的第 n 个元素。若视图满足 <a href="cpp-ranges-random_access_range.html"><code>random_access_range</code></a> 则提供。<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::ranges::view_interface<D></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95"><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-deduction_guides.html">推导指引</a></span></h3>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-get.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>get<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::ranges::subrange)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>从 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::subrange</span> 获得迭代器或哨位<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BE.85.E5.8A.A9.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">辅助类型</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange_kind.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::subrange_kind</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>指定 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::subrange</span> 是否实现 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::sized_range</span><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(枚举)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-tuple_size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::tuple_size<span class="t-dsc-small"><std::ranges::subrange></span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获得 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::subrange</span> 的组分数量<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(类模板特化)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-subrange-tuple_element.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::tuple_element<span class="t-dsc-small"><std::ranges::subrange></span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获得 <span class="t-lc">std::ranges::subrange</span> 的迭代器或哨位的类型<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(类模板特化)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BE.85.E5.8A.A9.E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF">辅助模板</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<tbody>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> I, <span class="kw1">class</span> S, ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange_kind</span> K<span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw1">inline</span> <span class="kw4">constexpr</span> <span class="kw4">bool</span> enable_borrowed_range<span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I, S, K<span class="sy1">>></span> <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="kw2">true</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<p><a href="cpp-ranges-borrowed_range.html"><tt>std::ranges::enable_borrowed_range</tt></a> 的此特化使得 <code>subrange</code> 满足 <a href="cpp-ranges-borrowed_range.html"><code>borrowed_range</code></a> 。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <map></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <ranges></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <string_view></span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> V<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw4">void</span> mutate<span class="br0">(</span>V<span class="sy3">&</span> v<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> v <span class="sy2">+</span><span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="st0">'A'</span> <span class="sy2">-</span> <span class="st0">'a'</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> K, <span class="kw1">class</span> V<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">void</span> mutate_map_values<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-container-multimap.html"><span class="kw1285">std::<span class="me2">multimap</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>K, V<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> m, K k<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="br0">[</span>first, last<span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> m.<span class="me1">equal_range</span><span class="br0">(</span>k<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span><span class="sy3">&</span> <span class="br0">[</span>_, v<span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ranges</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">subrange</span><span class="br0">(</span>first, last<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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mutate<span class="br0">(</span>v<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="kw4">auto</span> print <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-string-basic_string_view.html"><span class="kw1248">std::<span class="me2">string_view</span></span></a> rem, <span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy3">&</span> mm<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> rem <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"{ "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> <span class="kw4">auto</span><span class="sy3">&</span> <span class="br0">[</span>k, v<span class="br0">]</span> <span class="sy4">:</span> mm<span class="br0">)</span> <a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"{"</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> k <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">",'"</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> v <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"'} "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"}<span class="es1">\n</span>"</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-container-multimap.html"><span class="kw1285">std::<span class="me2">multimap</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span>,<span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy1">></span> mm<span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">4</span>,<span class="st0">'a'</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">3</span>,<span class="st0">'-'</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">4</span>,<span class="st0">'b'</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">5</span>,<span class="st0">'-'</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu0">4</span>,<span class="st0">'c'</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"Before: "</span>, mm<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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mutate_map_values<span class="br0">(</span>mm, <span class="nu0">4</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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print<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"After: "</span>, mm<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">Before: { {3,'-'} {4,'a'} {4,'b'} {4,'c'} {5,'-'} }
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After: { {3,'-'} {4,'A'} {4,'B'} {4,'C'} {5,'-'} }</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-ranges-view_interface.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::view_interface</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>用于定义 <a href="cpp-ranges-view.html"><code>view</code></a> 的辅助类模板，使用奇异递归模板模式<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(类模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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