390 lines
27 KiB
HTML
390 lines
27 KiB
HTML
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
|
||
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="zh_CN">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="generator" content="Docutils 0.17.1: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/" />
|
||
|
||
<title>12. 虚拟环境和包 — Python 3.8.20 文档</title><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
|
||
|
||
<script id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../_static/language_data.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../_static/translations.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<script src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
|
||
title="在 Python 3.8.20 文档 中搜索"
|
||
href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
|
||
<link rel="author" title="关于这些文档" href="../about.html" />
|
||
<link rel="index" title="索引" href="../genindex.html" />
|
||
<link rel="search" title="搜索" href="../search.html" />
|
||
<link rel="copyright" title="版权所有" href="../copyright.html" />
|
||
<link rel="next" title="13. 接下来？" href="whatnow.html" />
|
||
<link rel="prev" title="11. 标准库简介 —— 第二部分" href="stdlib2.html" />
|
||
<link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html" />
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<style>
|
||
@media only screen {
|
||
table.full-width-table {
|
||
width: 100%;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|
||
<link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.svg" />
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/menu.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<div class="mobile-nav">
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="menuToggler" class="toggler__input" aria-controls="navigation"
|
||
aria-pressed="false" aria-expanded="false" role="button" aria-label="Menu" />
|
||
<label for="menuToggler" class="toggler__label">
|
||
<span></span>
|
||
</label>
|
||
<nav class="nav-content" role="navigation">
|
||
<a href="https://www.python.org/" class="nav-logo">
|
||
<img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="Logo"/>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
<form role="search" class="search" action="../search.html" method="get">
|
||
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="search-icon">
|
||
<path fill-rule="nonzero"
|
||
d="M15.5 14h-.79l-.28-.27a6.5 6.5 0 001.48-5.34c-.47-2.78-2.79-5-5.59-5.34a6.505 6.505 0 00-7.27 7.27c.34 2.8 2.56 5.12 5.34 5.59a6.5 6.5 0 005.34-1.48l.27.28v.79l4.25 4.25c.41.41 1.08.41 1.49 0 .41-.41.41-1.08 0-1.49L15.5 14zm-6 0C7.01 14 5 11.99 5 9.5S7.01 5 9.5 5 14 7.01 14 9.5 11.99 14 9.5 14z" fill="#444"></path>
|
||
</svg>
|
||
<input type="text" name="q" aria-label="快速搜索"/>
|
||
<input type="submit" value="转向"/>
|
||
</form>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
<div class="menu-wrapper">
|
||
<nav class="menu" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
|
||
<div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
<h3><a href="../contents.html">目录</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">12. 虚拟环境和包</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction">12.1. 概述</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-virtual-environments">12.2. 创建虚拟环境</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-packages-with-pip">12.3. 使用pip管理包</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>上一个主题</h4>
|
||
<p class="topless"><a href="stdlib2.html"
|
||
title="上一章"><span class="section-number">11. </span>标准库简介 —— 第二部分</a></p>
|
||
<h4>下一个主题</h4>
|
||
<p class="topless"><a href="whatnow.html"
|
||
title="下一章"><span class="section-number">13. </span>接下来？</a></p>
|
||
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
|
||
<h3>本页</h3>
|
||
<ul class="this-page-menu">
|
||
<li><a href="../bugs.html">报告 Bug</a></li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.8/Doc/tutorial/venv.rst"
|
||
rel="nofollow">显示源代码
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="outdated-warning" style="padding: .5em; text-align: center; background-color: #FFBABA; color: #6A0E0E;">
|
||
这个文档所针对的是一个已不再受支持的 Python 旧版本。
|
||
你应当升级版本，并阅读
|
||
<a href="/3/tutorial/venv.html"> Python 当前稳定版本的文档</a>.
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
|
||
<h3>导航</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
|
||
<a href="../genindex.html" title="总目录"
|
||
accesskey="I">索引</a></li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模块索引"
|
||
>模块</a> |</li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="whatnow.html" title="13. 接下来？"
|
||
accesskey="N">下一页</a> |</li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="stdlib2.html" title="11. 标准库简介 —— 第二部分"
|
||
accesskey="P">上一页</a> |</li>
|
||
|
||
<li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
|
||
<li class="switchers">
|
||
<div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
<div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li id="cpython-language-and-version">
|
||
<a href="../index.html">3.8.20 Documentation</a> »
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" accesskey="U">Python 教程</a> »</li>
|
||
<li class="right">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="inline-search" role="search">
|
||
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
|
||
<input placeholder="快速搜索" aria-label="快速搜索" type="text" name="q" />
|
||
<input type="submit" value="转向" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="document">
|
||
<div class="documentwrapper">
|
||
<div class="bodywrapper">
|
||
<div class="body" role="main">
|
||
|
||
<section id="virtual-environments-and-packages">
|
||
<span id="tut-venv"></span><h1><span class="section-number">12. </span>虚拟环境和包<a class="headerlink" href="#virtual-environments-and-packages" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
|
||
<section id="introduction">
|
||
<h2><span class="section-number">12.1. </span>概述<a class="headerlink" href="#introduction" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Python应用程序通常会使用不在标准库内的软件包和模块。应用程序有时需要特定版本的库，因为应用程序可能需要修复特定的错误，或者可以使用库的过时版本的接口编写应用程序。</p>
|
||
<p>这意味着一个Python安装可能无法满足每个应用程序的要求。如果应用程序A需要特定模块的1.0版本但应用程序B需要2.0版本，则需求存在冲突，安装版本1.0或2.0将导致某一个应用程序无法运行。</p>
|
||
<p>这个问题的解决方案是创建一个 <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-virtual-environment"><span class="xref std std-term">virtual environment</span></a>，一个目录树，其中安装有特定Python版本，以及许多其他包。</p>
|
||
<p>然后，不同的应用将可以使用不同的虚拟环境。 要解决先前需求相冲突的例子，应用程序 A 可以拥有自己的 安装了 1.0 版本的虚拟环境，而应用程序 B 则拥有安装了 2.0 版本的另一个虚拟环境。 如果应用程序 B 要求将某个库升级到 3.0 版本，也不会影响应用程序 A 的环境。</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="creating-virtual-environments">
|
||
<h2><span class="section-number">12.2. </span>创建虚拟环境<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-virtual-environments" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>用于创建和管理虚拟环境的模块称为 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/venv.html#module-venv" title="venv: Creation of virtual environments."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">venv</span></code></a>。<a class="reference internal" href="../library/venv.html#module-venv" title="venv: Creation of virtual environments."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">venv</span></code></a> 通常会安装你可用的最新版本的 Python。如果您的系统上有多个版本的 Python，您可以通过运行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3</span></code> 或您想要的任何版本来选择特定的Python版本。</p>
|
||
<p>要创建虚拟环境，请确定要放置它的目录，并将 <a class="reference internal" href="../library/venv.html#module-venv" title="venv: Creation of virtual environments."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">venv</span></code></a> 模块作为脚本运行目录路径:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">python3</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="n">venv</span> <span class="n">tutorial</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">env</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>如果 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tutorial-env</span></code> 目录不存在，它将为你创建一个，并在其中创建包含Python解释器，标准库和各种支持文件的副本的目录。</p>
|
||
<p>虚拟环境的常用目录位置是 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.venv</span></code>。 这个名称通常会令该目录在你的终端中保持隐藏，从而避免需要对所在目录进行额外解释的一般名称。 它还能防止与某些工具所支持的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.env</span></code> 环境变量定义文件发生冲突。</p>
|
||
<p>创建虚拟环境后，您可以激活它。</p>
|
||
<p>在Windows上，运行:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">tutorial</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">env</span>\<span class="n">Scripts</span>\<span class="n">activate</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">bat</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>在Unix或MacOS上，运行:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">source</span> <span class="n">tutorial</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">env</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="nb">bin</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">activate</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>（这个脚本是为bash shell编写的。如果你使用 <strong class="program">csh</strong> 或 <strong class="program">fish</strong> shell，你应该改用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">activate.csh</span></code> 或 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">activate.fish</span></code> 脚本。）</p>
|
||
<p>激活虚拟环境将改变你所用终端的提示符，以显示你正在使用的虚拟环境，并修改环境以使 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> 命令所运行的将是已安装的特定 Python 版本。 例如：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>$<span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">source</span><span class="w"> </span>~/envs/tutorial-env/bin/activate
|
||
<span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>python
|
||
Python<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span>.5.1<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>default,<span class="w"> </span>May<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2016</span>,<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">10</span>:59:36<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>...
|
||
>>><span class="w"> </span>import<span class="w"> </span>sys
|
||
>>><span class="w"> </span>sys.path
|
||
<span class="o">[</span><span class="s1">''</span>,<span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'/usr/local/lib/python35.zip'</span>,<span class="w"> </span>...,
|
||
<span class="s1">'~/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.5/site-packages'</span><span class="o">]</span>
|
||
>>>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="managing-packages-with-pip">
|
||
<h2><span class="section-number">12.3. </span>使用pip管理包<a class="headerlink" href="#managing-packages-with-pip" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
|
||
<p>你可以使用一个名为 <strong class="program">pip</strong> 的程序来安装、升级和移除软件包。 默认情况下 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 将从 Python Package Index <<a class="reference external" href="https://pypi.org">https://pypi.org</a>> 安装软件包。 你可以在你的 web 浏览器中查看 Python Package Index。</p>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 有许多子命令: "install", "uninstall", "freeze" 等等。 （请在 <a class="reference internal" href="../installing/index.html#installing-index"><span class="std std-ref">安装 Python 模块</span></a> 指南页查看完整的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 文档。）</p>
|
||
<p>您可以通过指定包的名称来安装最新版本的包：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>novas
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span>novas
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Downloading<span class="w"> </span>novas-3.1.1.3.tar.gz<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>136kB<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
Installing<span class="w"> </span>collected<span class="w"> </span>packages:<span class="w"> </span>novas
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Running<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>novas
|
||
Successfully<span class="w"> </span>installed<span class="w"> </span>novas-3.1.1.3
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>您还可以通过提供包名称后跟 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">==</span></code> 和版本号来安装特定版本的包：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">requests</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">2</span>.6.0
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">requests</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">2</span>.6.0
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Using<span class="w"> </span>cached<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.6.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
|
||
Installing<span class="w"> </span>collected<span class="w"> </span>packages:<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
Successfully<span class="w"> </span>installed<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.6.0
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>如果你重新运行这个命令，<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 会注意到已经安装了所请求的版本并且什么都不做。您可以提供不同的版本号来获取该版本，或者您可以运行 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">--upgrade</span></code> 将软件包升级到最新版本：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>--upgrade<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
Installing<span class="w"> </span>collected<span class="w"> </span>packages:<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Found<span class="w"> </span>existing<span class="w"> </span>installation:<span class="w"> </span>requests<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>.6.0
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Uninstalling<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.6.0:
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Successfully<span class="w"> </span>uninstalled<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.6.0
|
||
Successfully<span class="w"> </span>installed<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.7.0
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">uninstall</span></code> 后跟一个或多个包名称将从虚拟环境中删除包。</p>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">show</span></code> 将显示有关特定包的信息：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>show<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
---
|
||
Metadata-Version:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>.0
|
||
Name:<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
Version:<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>.7.0
|
||
Summary:<span class="w"> </span>Python<span class="w"> </span>HTTP<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>Humans.
|
||
Home-page:<span class="w"> </span>http://python-requests.org
|
||
Author:<span class="w"> </span>Kenneth<span class="w"> </span>Reitz
|
||
Author-email:<span class="w"> </span>me@kennethreitz.com
|
||
License:<span class="w"> </span>Apache<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span>.0
|
||
Location:<span class="w"> </span>/Users/akuchling/envs/tutorial-env/lib/python3.4/site-packages
|
||
Requires:
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">list</span></code> 将显示虚拟环境中安装的所有软件包：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>list
|
||
novas<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">3</span>.1.1.3<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
numpy<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">1</span>.9.2<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
pip<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">7</span>.0.3<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
requests<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">2</span>.7.0<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
setuptools<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span><span class="m">16</span>.0<span class="o">)</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><cite>pip freeze`</cite> 将生成一个类似的已安装包列表，但输出使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span> <span class="pre">install</span></code> 期望的格式。一个常见的约定是将此列表放在 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">requirements.txt</span></code> 文件中：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>freeze<span class="w"> </span>><span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt
|
||
<span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>cat<span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt
|
||
<span class="nv">novas</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">3</span>.1.1.3
|
||
<span class="nv">numpy</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">1</span>.9.2
|
||
<span class="nv">requests</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">2</span>.7.0
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>然后可以将 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">requirements.txt</span></code> 提交给版本控制并作为应用程序的一部分提供。然后用户可以使用 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">-r</span></code> 安装所有必需的包：</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">(</span>tutorial-env<span class="o">)</span><span class="w"> </span>$<span class="w"> </span>pip<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span>-r<span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">novas</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">3</span>.1.1.3<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>from<span class="w"> </span>-r<span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>line<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">1</span><span class="o">))</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>...
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">numpy</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">1</span>.9.2<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>from<span class="w"> </span>-r<span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>line<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">2</span><span class="o">))</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>...
|
||
Collecting<span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">requests</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="m">2</span>.7.0<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>from<span class="w"> </span>-r<span class="w"> </span>requirements.txt<span class="w"> </span><span class="o">(</span>line<span class="w"> </span><span class="m">3</span><span class="o">))</span>
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>...
|
||
Installing<span class="w"> </span>collected<span class="w"> </span>packages:<span class="w"> </span>novas,<span class="w"> </span>numpy,<span class="w"> </span>requests
|
||
<span class="w"> </span>Running<span class="w"> </span>setup.py<span class="w"> </span>install<span class="w"> </span><span class="k">for</span><span class="w"> </span>novas
|
||
Successfully<span class="w"> </span>installed<span class="w"> </span>novas-3.1.1.3<span class="w"> </span>numpy-1.9.2<span class="w"> </span>requests-2.7.0
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 有更多选择。有关 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> 的完整文档，请参阅 <a class="reference internal" href="../installing/index.html#installing-index"><span class="std std-ref">安装 Python 模块</span></a> 指南。当您编写一个包并希望在 Python 包索引中使它可用时，请参考 <a class="reference internal" href="../distributing/index.html#distributing-index"><span class="std std-ref">分发 Python 模块</span></a> 指南。</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
|
||
<div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
|
||
<h3><a href="../contents.html">目录</a></h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">12. 虚拟环境和包</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction">12.1. 概述</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-virtual-environments">12.2. 创建虚拟环境</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#managing-packages-with-pip">12.3. 使用pip管理包</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>上一个主题</h4>
|
||
<p class="topless"><a href="stdlib2.html"
|
||
title="上一章"><span class="section-number">11. </span>标准库简介 —— 第二部分</a></p>
|
||
<h4>下一个主题</h4>
|
||
<p class="topless"><a href="whatnow.html"
|
||
title="下一章"><span class="section-number">13. </span>接下来？</a></p>
|
||
<div role="note" aria-label="source link">
|
||
<h3>本页</h3>
|
||
<ul class="this-page-menu">
|
||
<li><a href="../bugs.html">报告 Bug</a></li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.8/Doc/tutorial/venv.rst"
|
||
rel="nofollow">显示源代码
|
||
</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="clearer"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
|
||
<h3>导航</h3>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
|
||
<a href="../genindex.html" title="总目录"
|
||
>索引</a></li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模块索引"
|
||
>模块</a> |</li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="whatnow.html" title="13. 接下来？"
|
||
>下一页</a> |</li>
|
||
<li class="right" >
|
||
<a href="stdlib2.html" title="11. 标准库简介 —— 第二部分"
|
||
>上一页</a> |</li>
|
||
|
||
<li><img src="../_static/py.svg" alt="python logo" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li>
|
||
<li class="switchers">
|
||
<div class="language_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
<div class="version_switcher_placeholder"></div>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li id="cpython-language-and-version">
|
||
<a href="../index.html">3.8.20 Documentation</a> »
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python 教程</a> »</li>
|
||
<li class="right">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="inline-search" role="search">
|
||
<form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
|
||
<input placeholder="快速搜索" aria-label="快速搜索" type="text" name="q" />
|
||
<input type="submit" value="转向" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
||
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
||
</form>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
|
||
</li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="footer">
|
||
© <a href="../copyright.html">版权所有</a> 2001-2024, Python Software Foundation.
|
||
<br />
|
||
This page is licensed under the Python Software Foundation License Version 2.
|
||
<br />
|
||
Examples, recipes, and other code in the documentation are additionally licensed under the Zero Clause BSD License.
|
||
<br />
|
||
|
||
<br />
|
||
|
||
The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
|
||
<a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
|
||
<br />
|
||
<br />
|
||
|
||
最后更新于 12月 09, 2024.
|
||
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
|
||
<br />
|
||
|
||
Created using <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> 2.4.4.
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html> |