351 lines
11 KiB
HTML
351 lines
11 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
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<head><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<title>程序支持工具</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="ext.css" />
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_modules.css" />
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</head>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-c_program skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<div id="cpp-content-base">
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<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">程序支持工具</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="c.html">c</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BB.88.E6.AD.A2.E7.A8.8B.E5.BA.8F">终止程序</span></h3>
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<p>下列函数管理程序终止和资源清理。</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><stdlib.h></code></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-abort.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>abort</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>引发非正常的程序终止(不清理)<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-exit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>exit</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>引发正常的程序终止并清理<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-quick_exit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>quick_exit</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>引发正常的程序终止但不完全清理<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-_Exit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>_Exit</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c99">(C99)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>引发正常的程序终止但不清理<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-atexit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>atexit</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>注册一个要在调用 <a href="c-program-exit.html"><tt>exit()</tt></a> 时调用的函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-at_quick_exit.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>at_quick_exit</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>注册要在调用 <a href="c-program-quick_exit.html"><tt>quick_exit</tt></a> 时调用的函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-EXIT_status.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>EXIT_SUCCESS</span><span>EXIT_FAILURE</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>表示程序的执行结果<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(宏常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE.E7.8E.AF.E5.A2.83">访问环境</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-system.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>system</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>调用宿主环境的命令处理器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-getenv.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>getenv</span><span>getenv_s</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>访问环境变量列表<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.B7">信号</span></h3>
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<p>提供几个为信号管理的函数和常量宏。</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><signal.h></code></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-signal.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>signal</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>为特定的信号设置信号处理函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-raise.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>raise</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>运行特定信号的信号处理函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-sig_atomic_t.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>sig_atomic_t</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>用于从异步信号处理函数访问原子实体的整数类型<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-SIG_strategies.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>SIG_DFL</span><span>SIG_IGN</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>定义信号处理策略<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(宏常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-SIG_ERR.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>SIG_ERR</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>遇到错误<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(宏常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.A1.E5.8F.B7.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">信号类型</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-SIG_types.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>SIGABRT</span><span>SIGFPE</span><span>SIGILL</span><span>SIGINT</span><span>SIGSEGV</span><span>SIGTERM</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>定义信号类型<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(宏常量)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E5.B1.80.E9.83.A8.E8.B7.B3.E8.BD.AC">非局部跳转</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-header">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><setjmp.h></code></div>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-setjmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>setjmp</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>保存环境<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(宏函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-longjmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>longjmp</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>跳转到指定位置<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">类型</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="c-program-jmp_buf.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>jmp_buf</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>执行环境类型<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(typedef)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
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<div class="t-ref-std-11">
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<ul>
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<li>C11 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:2011):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.13 Nonlocal jumps <setjmp.h> (p: 262-264)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.14 Signal handling <signal.h> (p: 265-267)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.22 General utilities <stdlib.h> (p: 340-360)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.31.7 Signal handling <signal.h> (p: 455)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.31.12 General utilities <stdlib.h> (p: 456)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
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<ul>
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<li>C99 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:1999):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.13 Nonlocal jumps <setjmp.h> (p: 243-245)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.14 Signal handling <signal.h> (p: 246-248)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.20 General utilities <stdlib.h> (p: 306-324)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.26.6 Signal handling <signal.h> (p: 401)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.26.10 General utilities <stdlib.h> (p: 402)</li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
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<ul>
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<li>C89/C90 标准(ISO/IEC 9899:1990):</li>
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</ul>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>4.6 NON-LOCAL JUMPS <setjmp.h></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>4.7 SIGNAL HANDLING <signal.h></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>4.10 GENERAL UTILITIES <stdlib.h></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>4.13.5 Signal handling <signal.h></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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<dl>
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<dd>
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<ul>
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<li>7.13.7 General utilities <stdlib.h></li>
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</ul>
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin"></table>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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