259 lines
12 KiB
HTML
259 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="client-nojs" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="zh">
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<head><meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
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<title>std::stack</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="site_modules.css" />
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_container_stack skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<div id="cpp-content-base">
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<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>stack</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-container.html">container</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<tbody>
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-stack.html"><stack></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> T,<br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Container <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-container-deque.html"><span class="kw1271">std::<span class="me2">deque</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
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<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw1">class</span> stack<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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</tbody>
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<p><code>std::stack</code> 类是容器适配器，它给予程序员栈的功能——特别是 FILO （先进后出）数据结构。</p>
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<p>该类模板表现为底层容器的包装器——只提供特定函数集合。栈从被称作栈顶的容器尾部推弹元素。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.A8.A1.E6.9D.BF.E5.BD.A2.E5.8F.82">模板形参</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>T</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>存储的元素类型。<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx17"><span>若 <code>T</code> 与 <code>Container::value_type</code> 不是同一类型则行为未定义。</span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>Container</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>用于存储元素的底层容器类型。容器必须满足<a href="cpp-named_req-SequenceContainer.html"><span style="font-style:italic">序列容器</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(SequenceContainer)</span></a> 的要求。另外，它必须提供拥有通常语义的下列函数：
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<ul>
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<li><code>back()</code></li>
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<li><code>push_back()</code></li>
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<li><code>pop_back()</code></li>
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</ul>
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<p>标准容器 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-vector.html">std::vector</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque.html">std::deque</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-list.html">std::list</a></span> 满足这些要求。若不为特定的 <code>stack</code> 类特化指定容器类，则使用标准容器 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-container-deque.html">std::deque</a></span> 。</p>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
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<td>成员类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>container_type</code></td>
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<td><code>Container</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>value_type</code></td>
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<td><code>Container::value_type</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>size_type</code></td>
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<td><code>Container::size_type</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>reference</code></td>
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<td><code>Container::reference</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>const_reference</code></td>
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<td><code>Container::const_reference</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-stack.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>构造 <code>stack</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-~stack.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>析构 <code>stack</code><br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-operator=.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>赋值给容器适配器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.83.E7.B4.A0.E8.AE.BF.E9.97.AE">元素访问</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-top.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>top</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>访问栈顶元素<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.AE.B9.E9.87.8F">容量</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-empty.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>empty</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>检查底层容器是否为空<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-size.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>size</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回容纳的元素数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">修改器</span></h5>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-push.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>push</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>向栈顶插入元素<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-emplace.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>emplace</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>在顶部原位构造元素<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-pop.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>pop</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>删除栈顶元素<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-swap.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>交换内容<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.AF.B9.E8.B1.A1">成员对象</span></h3>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-dsc-small">Container</span> c</span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>底层容器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(受保护成员对象)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-operator_cmp.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator==</span><span>operator!=</span><span>operator<</span><span>operator<=</span><span>operator></span><span>operator>=</span><span>operator<=></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>按照字典顺序比较 stack 中的值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::stack)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap.html">std::swap</a></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BE.85.E5.8A.A9.E7.B1.BB">辅助类</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-container-stack-uses_allocator.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::uses_allocator<span class="t-dsc-small"><std::stack></span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-memory-uses_allocator.html">std::uses_allocator</a></span> 类型特征<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(类模板特化)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95.28C.2B.2B17_.E8.B5.B7.29"><a href="cpp-container-stack-deduction_guides.html">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></h3>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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