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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>future</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">&lt; <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>&lrm; | <a href="cpp-thread.html">thread</a></span></div>
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<div>&#23450;&#20041;&#20110;&#22836;&#25991;&#20214; <code><a href="cpp-header-future.html">&lt;future&gt;</a></code></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> future<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td>(1)</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 &#36215;)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">&gt;</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> future<span class="sy1">&lt;</span>T<span class="sy3">&amp;</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td>(2)</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 &#36215;)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1">&lt;&gt;</span> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span class="kw1">class</span> future<span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td>(3)</td>
<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 &#36215;)</span></td>
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<p>&#31867;&#27169;&#26495; <code>std::future</code> &#25552;&#20379;&#35775;&#38382;&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#32467;&#26524;&#30340;&#26426;&#21046;&#65306;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#65288;&#36890;&#36807; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-async.html">std::async</a></span> &#12289; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-packaged_task.html">std::packaged_task</a></span> &#25110; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-promise.html">std::promise</a></span> &#21019;&#24314;&#30340;&#65289;&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#33021;&#25552;&#20379;&#19968;&#20010; <code>std::future</code> &#23545;&#35937;&#32473;&#35813;&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#30340;&#21019;&#24314;&#32773;&#12290;</li>
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<ul>
<li>&#28982;&#21518;&#65292;&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#30340;&#21019;&#24314;&#32773;&#33021;&#29992;&#21508;&#31181;&#26041;&#27861;&#26597;&#35810;&#12289;&#31561;&#24453;&#25110;&#20174; <code>std::future</code> &#25552;&#21462;&#20540;&#12290;&#33509;&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#20173;&#26410;&#25552;&#20379;&#20540;&#65292;&#21017;&#36825;&#20123;&#26041;&#27861;&#21487;&#33021;&#38459;&#22622;&#12290;</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>&#24322;&#27493;&#25805;&#20316;&#20934;&#22791;&#22909;&#21457;&#36865;&#32467;&#26524;&#32473;&#21019;&#24314;&#32773;&#26102;&#65292;&#23427;&#33021;&#36890;&#36807;&#20462;&#25913;&#38142;&#25509;&#21040;&#21019;&#24314;&#32773;&#30340; <code>std::future</code> &#30340;<i>&#20849;&#20139;&#29366;&#24577;</i>&#65288;&#20363;&#22914; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-promise-set_value.html">std::promise::set_value</a></span> &#65289;&#36827;&#34892;&#12290;</li>
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<p>&#27880;&#24847;&#65292; <code>std::future</code> &#25152;&#24341;&#29992;&#30340;&#20849;&#20139;&#29366;&#24577;&#19981;&#19982;&#21478;&#19968;&#24322;&#27493;&#36820;&#22238;&#23545;&#35937;&#20849;&#20139;&#65288;&#19982; <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-thread-shared_future.html">std::shared_future</a></span> &#30456;&#21453;&#65289;&#12290;</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;</span></h3>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-future.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(&#26500;&#36896;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#26500;&#36896; future &#23545;&#35937;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-~future.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(&#26512;&#26500;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#26512;&#26500; future &#23545;&#35937;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-operator=.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#31227;&#21160;future&#23545;&#35937;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-share.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>share</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#20174; <code>*this</code> &#36716;&#31227;&#20849;&#20139;&#29366;&#24577;&#32473; <a href="cpp-thread-shared_future.html"><tt>shared_future</tt></a> &#24182;&#36820;&#22238;&#23427;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.8E.B7.E5.8F.96.E7.BB.93.E6.9E.9C">&#33719;&#21462;&#32467;&#26524;</span></h5>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-get.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>get</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#36820;&#22238;&#32467;&#26524;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.8A.B6.E6.80.81">&#29366;&#24577;</span></h5>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-valid.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>valid</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#26816;&#26597; future &#26159;&#21542;&#25317;&#26377;&#20849;&#20139;&#29366;&#24577;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-wait.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wait</span></span></a></div>
</div>
</td>
<td>&#31561;&#24453;&#32467;&#26524;&#21464;&#24471;&#21487;&#29992;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-wait_for.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wait_for</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#31561;&#24453;&#32467;&#26524;&#65292;&#22914;&#26524;&#22312;&#25351;&#23450;&#30340;&#36229;&#26102;&#38388;&#38548;&#21518;&#20173;&#28982;&#26080;&#27861;&#24471;&#21040;&#32467;&#26524;&#65292;&#21017;&#36820;&#22238;&#12290;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-thread-future-wait_until.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>wait_until</span></span></a></div>
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<td>&#31561;&#24453;&#32467;&#26524;&#65292;&#22914;&#26524;&#22312;&#24050;&#32463;&#21040;&#36798;&#25351;&#23450;&#30340;&#26102;&#38388;&#28857;&#26102;&#20173;&#28982;&#26080;&#27861;&#24471;&#21040;&#32467;&#26524;&#65292;&#21017;&#36820;&#22238;&#12290;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20844;&#24320;&#25104;&#21592;&#20989;&#25968;)</span></td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">&#31034;&#20363;</span></h3>
<div class="t-example">
<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include &lt;iostream&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;future&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;thread&gt;</span>
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
<span class="co1">// &#26469;&#33258; packaged_task &#30340; future</span>
<a href="cpp-thread-packaged_task.html"><span class="kw2182">std::<span class="me2">packaged_task</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> task<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">7</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// &#21253;&#35013;&#20989;&#25968;</span>
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">future</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> f1 <span class="sy1">=</span> task.<span class="me1">get_future</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// &#33719;&#21462; future</span>
<a href="cpp-thread-thread.html"><span class="kw2146">std::<span class="me2">thread</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">move</span><span class="br0">(</span>task<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">detach</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="co1">// &#22312;&#32447;&#31243;&#19978;&#36816;&#34892;</span>
<span class="co1">// &#26469;&#33258; async() &#30340; future</span>
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">future</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> f2 <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-thread-async.html"><span class="kw2183">std::<span class="me2">async</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-thread-launch.html"><span class="kw2185">std::<span class="me2">launch</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">async</span></span></a>, <span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="nu0">8</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="co1">// &#26469;&#33258; promise &#30340; future</span>
<a href="cpp-thread-promise.html"><span class="kw2179">std::<span class="me2">promise</span></span></a><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> p<span class="sy4">;</span>
std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">future</span><span class="sy1">&lt;</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">&gt;</span> f3 <span class="sy1">=</span> p.<span class="me1">get_future</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="cpp-thread-thread.html"><span class="kw2146">std::<span class="me2">thread</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span> <span class="br0">[</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>p<span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">{</span> p.<span class="me1">set_value_at_thread_exit</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">9</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span>.<span class="me1">detach</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&quot;Waiting...&quot;</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-flush.html"><span class="kw1790">std::<span class="me2">flush</span></span></a><span class="sy4">;</span>
f1.<span class="me1">wait</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
f2.<span class="me1">wait</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
f3.<span class="me1">wait</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&quot;Done!<span class="es1">\n</span>Results are: &quot;</span>
<span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> f1.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&#39; &#39;</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> f2.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&#39; &#39;</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> f3.<span class="me1">get</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="st0">&#39;<span class="es1">\n</span>&#39;</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
</div>
<p>&#36755;&#20986;&#65306;</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="text source-text">
<pre class="de1">Waiting...Done!
Results are: 7 8 9</pre></div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">&#21442;&#38405;</span></h3>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-thread-async.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>async</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</td>
<td>&#24322;&#27493;&#36816;&#34892;&#19968;&#20010;&#20989;&#25968;&#65288;&#26377;&#21487;&#33021;&#22312;&#26032;&#32447;&#31243;&#20013;&#25191;&#34892;&#65289;&#65292;&#24182;&#36820;&#22238;&#20445;&#26377;&#20854;&#32467;&#26524;&#30340; <span class="t-lc"><strong class="selflink">std::future</strong></span><br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#20989;&#25968;&#27169;&#26495;)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_future.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>shared_future</span></span></a></div>
<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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<td>&#31561;&#24453;&#34987;&#24322;&#27493;&#35774;&#32622;&#30340;&#20540;&#65288;&#21487;&#33021;&#20026;&#20854;&#20182; future &#25152;&#24341;&#29992;&#65289;<br />
<span class="t-mark">(&#31867;&#27169;&#26495;)</span></td>
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