225 lines
13 KiB
HTML
225 lines
13 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::shared_timed_mutex</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_thread_shared_timed_mutex skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>shared_timed_mutex</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-thread.html">thread</a></span></div>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-shared_mutex.html"><shared_mutex></a></code></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">class</span> shared_timed_mutex<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx14">(C++14 起)</span></td>
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<p><code>shared_timed_mutex</code> 类是能用于保护数据免受多个线程同时访问的同步原语。与其他促进排他性访问的互斥类型相反，拥有二个层次的访问：</p>
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<ul>
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<li><i>共享</i> - 多个线程能共享同一互斥的所有权。</li>
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<ul>
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<li><i>排他性</i> - 仅一个线程能占有互斥。</li>
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<p>共享互斥通常用于多个读线程能同时访问同一资源而不导致数据竞争，但只有一个写线程能访问的情形。</p>
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<p>以类似 <a href="cpp-thread-timed_mutex.html"><tt>timed_mutex</tt></a> 的行为， <code>shared_timed_mutex</code> 提供通过 <a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_for.html"><tt>try_lock_for()</tt></a> 、 <a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_until.html"><tt>try_lock_until()</tt></a> 、 <a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_shared_for.html"><tt>try_lock_shared_for()</tt></a> 、 <a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_shared_until.html"><tt>try_lock_shared_until()</tt></a> 方法，试图带时限地要求 <code>shared_timed_mutex</code> 所有权的能力。</p>
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<p><code>shared_timed_mutex</code> 类满足<a href="cpp-named_req-SharedTimedMutex.html"><span style="font-style:italic">共享定时互斥体</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(SharedTimedMutex)</span></a> 和<a href="cpp-named_req-StandardLayoutType.html"><span style="font-style:italic">标准布局类型</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(StandardLayoutType)</span></a> 的所有要求。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-shared_timed_mutex.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</td>
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<td>构造互斥<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-~shared_timed_mutex.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</td>
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<td>销毁互斥<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-cmark">[被删除]</span></span></span></div>
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<td>不可复制赋值<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.92.E4.BB.96.E6.80.A7.E9.94.81.E5.AE.9A">排他性锁定</span></h5>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-lock.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>lock</span></span></a></div>
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<td>锁定互斥，若互斥不可用则阻塞<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock</span></span></a></div>
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<td>尝试锁定互斥，若互斥不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_for.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock_for</span></span></a></div>
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<td>尝试锁定互斥，若互斥在指定的时限时期中不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_until.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock_until</span></span></a></div>
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<td>尝试锁定互斥，若直至抵达指定时间点互斥不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-unlock.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>unlock</span></span></a></div>
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<td>解锁互斥<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.85.B1.E4.BA.AB.E9.94.81.E5.AE.9A">共享锁定</span></h5>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-lock_shared.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>lock_shared</span></span></a></div>
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<td>为共享所有权锁定互斥，若互斥不可用则阻塞<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_shared.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock_shared</span></span></a></div>
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</td>
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<td>尝试为共享所有权锁定互斥，若互斥不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_shared_for.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock_shared_for</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>尝试为共享所有权锁定互斥，若互斥在指定的时限时期中不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-try_lock_shared_until.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>try_lock_shared_until</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>尝试为共享所有权锁定互斥，若直至抵达指定时间点互斥不可用则返回<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-thread-shared_timed_mutex-unlock_shared.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>unlock_shared</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>解锁互斥（共享所有权）<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<td class="mbox-empty-cell"></td>
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<td class="mbox-text" style="">本节未完成<br />
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原因：建立有动机的示例</td>
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<div class="t-example">
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<p>复制赋值运算符，属于保有能处置多个读者，但只有一个写者的资源</p>
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <mutex></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <shared_mutex></span>
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<span class="kw1">class</span> R
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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mutable std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">shared_timed_mutex</span> mut<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="coMULTI">/* 数据 */</span>
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<span class="kw1">public</span><span class="sy4">:</span>
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R<span class="sy3">&</span> operator<span class="sy1">=</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> R<span class="sy3">&</span> other<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="co1">// 要求排他性所有权以写入 *this</span>
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<a href="cpp-thread-unique_lock.html"><span class="kw2166">std::<span class="me2">unique_lock</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">shared_timed_mutex</span><span class="sy1">></span> lhs<span class="br0">(</span>mut, <a href="cpp-thread-lock_tag.html"><span class="kw2162">std::<span class="me2">defer_lock</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="co1">// 要求共享所有权以读取 other</span>
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<a href="cpp-thread-shared_lock.html"><span class="kw2167">std::<span class="me2">shared_lock</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">shared_timed_mutex</span><span class="sy1">></span> rhs<span class="br0">(</span>other.<span class="me1">mut</span>, <a href="cpp-thread-lock_tag.html"><span class="kw2162">std::<span class="me2">defer_lock</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-thread-lock.html"><span class="kw2168">std::<span class="me2">lock</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>lhs, rhs<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="coMULTI">/* 赋值数据 */</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> <span class="sy2">*</span>this<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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R r<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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