176 lines
14 KiB
HTML
176 lines
14 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::ranges::partition_point</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_algorithm_ranges_partition_point skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::ranges::</span>partition_point</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-algorithm.html">algorithm</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges.html">ranges</a></span></div>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-algorithm.html"><algorithm></a></code></div>
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<div>调用签名</div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">forward_iterator</span> I, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I<span class="sy1">></span> S, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>,<br /></span>
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<p> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirect_unary_predicate</span><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">projected</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I, Proj<span class="sy1">>></span> Pred <span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> I partition_point<span class="br0">(</span> I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">forward_range</span> R, <span class="kw1">class</span> Proj <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">identity</span>,<br /></span>
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<p> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">indirect_unary_predicate</span><span class="sy1"><</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">projected</span><span class="sy1"><</span>ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R<span class="sy1">></span>, Proj<span class="sy1">>></span> Pred <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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<span class="kw4">constexpr</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">borrowed_iterator_t</span><span class="sy1"><</span>R<span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
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partition_point<span class="br0">(</span> R<span class="sy3">&&</span> r, Pred pred, Proj proj <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td>(2)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<p>检验已划分（如同用 <span class="t-lc">ranges::partition</span> ）范围 <code>[first, last)</code> 或 <code>r</code> 并定位第一划分的结尾，即不满足 <code>pred</code> 的被投影元素，或若所有投影后元素均满足 <code>pred</code> 则为 <code>last</code> 。</p>
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<p>此页面上描述的仿函数实体是 <i>niebloid</i> ，即：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>调用它们中的任何一者时不可指定显式模板实参。</li>
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<li>它们无一对<a href="cpp-language-adl.html">实参依赖查找</a>可见。</li>
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<li>在<a href="cpp-language-unqualified_lookup.html">通常无限定查找</a>寻找函数调用运算符左侧的名称找到它们之一时，它禁止<a href="cpp-language-adl.html">实参依赖查找</a>。</li>
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</ul>
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<p>实际上，它们能以函数对象，或以某些特殊编译器扩展实现。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>first, last</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>定义要检验的部分排序范围的迭代器-哨位对</td>
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<td>r</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要检验的部分排序范围</td>
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<td>pred</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用到投影后元素的谓词</td>
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<td>proj</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>应用到元素的投影</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p><code>[first, last)</code> 内第一划分的尾后位置迭代器，或若所有投影后元素均满足 <code>pred</code> 则为等于 <code>last</code> 的迭代器。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.A4.8D.E6.9D.82.E5.BA.A6">复杂度</span></h3>
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<p>给定 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">N <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">distance</span><span class="br0">(</span>first, last<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> ，应用 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(log N)</span> 次谓词 <code>pred</code> 与投影 <code>proj</code> 。</p>
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<p>然而，若哨位不实现 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">sized_sentinel_for</span><span class="sy1"><</span>I<span class="sy1">></span></span></span> ，则迭代器自增次数为 <span class="texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">O(N)</span> 。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
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<p>此算法是 <code>ranges::lower_bound</code> 的更通用的形式，能用 <code>ranges::partition_point</code> 用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="br0">[</span><span class="sy3">&</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">auto</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy3">&</span> e<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> <a href="cpp-utility-functional-invoke.html"><span class="kw1058">std::<span class="me2">invoke</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>pred, e, value<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></span> 为谓词表达它。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <algorithm></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <array></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iterator></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-container-array.html"><span class="kw1268">std::<span class="me2">array</span></span></a> v <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="nu0">1</span>, <span class="nu0">2</span>, <span class="nu0">3</span>, <span class="nu0">4</span>, <span class="nu0">5</span>, <span class="nu0">6</span>, <span class="nu0">7</span>, <span class="nu0">8</span>, <span class="nu0">9</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">namespace</span> ranges <span class="sy1">=</span> std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ranges</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">auto</span> is_even <span class="sy1">=</span> <span class="br0">[</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">int</span> i<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="kw1">return</span> i <span class="sy2">%</span> <span class="nu0">2</span> <span class="sy1">==</span> <span class="nu0">0</span><span class="sy4">;</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">partition</span><span class="br0">(</span>v, is_even<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">auto</span> p <span class="sy1">=</span> ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">partition_point</span><span class="br0">(</span>v.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, v.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, is_even<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"Before partition:<span class="es1">\n</span> "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">copy</span><span class="br0">(</span>v.<span class="me1">begin</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, p, <a href="cpp-iterator-ostream_iterator.html"><span class="kw670">std::<span class="me2">ostream_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a>, <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">"<span class="es1">\n</span>After partition:<span class="es1">\n</span> "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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ranges<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">copy</span><span class="br0">(</span>p, v.<span class="me1">end</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>, <a href="cpp-iterator-ostream_iterator.html"><span class="kw670">std::<span class="me2">ostream_iterator</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">int</span><span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a>, <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">Before partition:
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8 2 6 4
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After partition:
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5 3 7 1 9</pre></div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-is_sorted.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::is_sorted</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>检查范围是否以升序排序<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-ranges-lower_bound.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>ranges::lower_bound</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回指向首个<i>不小于</i>给定值的元素的迭代器<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(niebloid)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-algorithm-partition_point.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>partition_point</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>定位已划分范围的划分点<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</table>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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