187 lines
17 KiB
HTML
187 lines
17 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>std::sinh(std::valarray)</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_numeric_valarray_sinh skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>sinh<span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">(std::valarray)</span></h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-numeric.html">numeric</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html">valarray</a></span></div>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-valarray.html"><valarray></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span> <span class="kw1">class</span> T <span class="sy1">></span><br />
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valarray<span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> sinh<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> valarray<span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> va <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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<p>对每个 <code>va</code> 中的元素，计算该元素的双曲正弦。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<td>va</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>要应用运算的值数组</td>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
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<p>含 <code>va</code> 中每个值双曲正弦的值数组。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
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<p>用无限定函数 (<span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">sinh</span></span>) 进行计算。若该函数不可用，则因参数依赖查找使用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><a href="cpp-numeric-math-sinh.html"><span class="kw1340">std::<span class="me2">sinh</span></span></a></span></span> 。</p>
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<p>函数能实现为拥有不同于 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html">std::valarray</a></span> 的返回类型。此情况下，替换类型拥有下列属性：</p>
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<dl>
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<ul>
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<li>提供 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html">std::valarray</a></span> 的所有 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span></span></span> 成员函数。</li>
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<li>能从替换类型构造 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html">std::valarray</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-slice_array.html">std::slice_array</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-gslice_array.html">std::gslice_array</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-mask_array.html">std::mask_array</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-indirect_array.html">std::indirect_array</a></span> 。</li>
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<li>所有接受一个 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy3">&</span></span></span> 类型参数的函数<span class="t-rev-inl t-since-cxx11"><span>，除了 <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-begin2.html"><tt>begin()</tt></a> 和 <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-end2.html"><tt>end()</tt></a></span> <span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></span></span>也应该接受替换类型。</li>
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<li>所有接受二个 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy3">&</span></span></span> 类型参数的函数都应该接受 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy3">&</span></span></span> 和替换类型的每种组合。</li>
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<li>返回类型添加不多于二层嵌套在最深层嵌套的参数类型上的模板。</li>
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</ul>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.AF.E8.83.BD.E7.9A.84.E5.AE.9E.E7.8E.B0">可能的实现</span></h3>
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> T<span class="sy1">></span>
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valarray<span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> sinh<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">const</span> valarray<span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> va<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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valarray<span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> other <span class="sy1">=</span> va<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span>T <span class="sy3">&</span>i <span class="sy4">:</span> other<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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i <span class="sy1">=</span> sinh<span class="br0">(</span>i<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw1">return</span> other<span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <cmath></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iomanip></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <valarray></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <complex></span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">typename</span> T<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">void</span> show<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">char</span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy2">*</span> title, <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> va<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> title <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" : "</span> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-left.html"><span class="kw1780">std::<span class="me2">right</span></span></a><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw1">for</span> <span class="br0">(</span>T x <span class="sy4">:</span> va<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <a href="cpp-io-manip-fixed.html"><span class="kw1784">std::<span class="me2">fixed</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> x <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">" "</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">typename</span> T<span class="sy1">></span>
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<span class="kw4">void</span> sinh_for<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw4">const</span><span class="sy3">&</span> z<span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="co1">// 双曲正弦为 sinh(z) = (eᶻ - e⁻ᶻ) / 2.</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> sinh_z <span class="br0">{</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-math-sinh.html"><span class="kw1340">std::<span class="me2">sinh</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>z<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> e_z <span class="br0">{</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-math-exp.html"><span class="kw1321">std::<span class="me2">exp</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span>z<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> e_neg_z <span class="br0">{</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-math-exp.html"><span class="kw1321">std::<span class="me2">exp</span></span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy2">-</span>z<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>T<span class="sy1">></span> sinh_def <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">(</span>e_z <span class="sy2">-</span> e_neg_z<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy2">/</span> <span class="nu17">2.0f</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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show<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"n "</span>, z<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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show<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"sinh(n) "</span>, sinh_z<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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show<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"(eⁿ-e⁻ⁿ)/2"</span>, sinh_def<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a>.<span class="me1">put</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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sinh_for<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">float</span><span class="sy1">></span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu17">.2f</span>, <span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu17">.1f</span>, <span class="nu0">0</span>.<span class="me1">f</span>, <span class="nu17">.1f</span>, <span class="nu17">.2f</span>, <a href="cpp-numeric-math-INFINITY.html"><span class="kw1377">INFINITY</span></a> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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sinh_for<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray.html"><span class="kw1473">std::<span class="me2">valarray</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><a href="cpp-numeric-complex.html"><span class="kw1472">std::<span class="me2">complex</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">double</span><span class="sy1">>></span><span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">{</span><span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu18">.2</span>,<span class="sy2">-</span><span class="nu18">.1</span><span class="br0">}</span>, <span class="br0">{</span><span class="nu18">.2</span>,<span class="nu18">.1</span><span class="br0">}</span> <span class="br0">}</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">n : -0.200000 -0.100000 0.000000 0.100000 0.200000 inf
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sinh(n) : -0.201336 -0.100167 0.000000 0.100167 0.201336 inf
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(eⁿ-e⁻ⁿ)/2 : -0.201336 -0.100167 0.000000 0.100167 0.201336 inf
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n : (-0.200000,-0.100000) (0.200000,0.100000)
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sinh(n) : (-0.200330,-0.101837) (0.200330,0.101837)
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(eⁿ-e⁻ⁿ)/2 : (-0.200330,-0.101837) (0.200330,0.101837)</pre></div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-cosh.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>cosh<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::valarray)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>在 valarray 的每个元素上调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-math-cosh.html">std::cosh</a></span> 函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-valarray-tanh.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>tanh<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::valarray)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>在 valarray 的每个元素上调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-numeric-math-tanh.html">std::tanh</a></span> 函数<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-math-sinh.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>sinh</span><span>sinhf</span><span>sinhl</span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>计算双曲正弦（ <span class="mjax" style="display:none">\({\small\sinh{x} }\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">sinh(x)</span> ）<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-numeric-complex-sinh.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>sinh<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::complex)</span></span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>计算复数的双曲正弦（ <span class="mjax" style="display:none">\({\small\sinh{z} }\)</span><span class="mjax-fallback texhtml" style="white-space: nowrap;">sinh(z)</span> ）<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</body>
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