267 lines
14 KiB
HTML
267 lines
14 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>std::basic_regex</title>
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<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-cpp_regex_basic_regex skin-cppreference2 action-view cpp-navbar">
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<div id="cpp-content-base">
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<div id="content"><a id="top"></a>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::</span>basic_regex</h1>
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<div id="bodyContent">
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-regex.html">regex</a></span></div>
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<div id="mw-content-text" lang="zh" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr" xml:lang="zh">
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<table class="t-dcl-begin">
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<td>
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-regex.html"><regex></a></code></div>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span> <span class="sy1"><</span><br /></span>
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<p> <span class="kw1">class</span> CharT,<br />
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<span class="kw1">class</span> Traits <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="cpp-regex-regex_traits.html"><span class="kw2023">std::<span class="me2">regex_traits</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT<span class="sy1">></span><br /></p>
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<span class="sy1">></span> <span class="kw1">class</span> basic_regex<span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<p>类模板 <code>basic_regex</code> 提供保有正则表达式的通用框架。</p>
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<p>提供对于常见类型的几个特化：</p>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td colspan="2">
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<div>定义于头文件 <code><a href="cpp-header-regex.html"><regex></a></code></div>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
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<td>类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>regex</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_regex<span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">char</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>wregex</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_regex<span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw4">wchar_t</span><span class="sy1">></span></span></span></td>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E7.B1.BB.E5.9E.8B">成员类型</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>成员类型</td>
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<td>定义</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>value_type</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">CharT</span></span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>traits_type</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits</span></span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>string_type</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">string_type</span></span></span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>locale_type</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">Traits<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">locale_type</span></span></span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>flag_type</code></td>
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<td><span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-syntax_option_type.html">std::regex_constants::syntax_option_type</a></span></td>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-basic_regex.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>构造 regex 对象<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-~basic_regex.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(析构函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>析构 regex 对象<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-operator=.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>operator=</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>赋值内容<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-assign.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>assign</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>赋值内容<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.A7.82.E5.AF.9F.E5.99.A8">观察器</span></h5>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-mark_count.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>mark_count</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回正则表达式中有标记的子表达式数量<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-flags.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>flags</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>返回语法标志<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.9C.AC.E5.9C.B0.E7.8E.AF.E5.A2.83">本地环境</span></h5>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-getloc.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>getloc</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>获取本地环境信息<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-imbue.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>imbue</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>设置本地环境信息<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h5><span class="mw-headline" id=".E4.BF.AE.E6.94.B9.E5.99.A8">修改器</span></h5>
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</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-swap.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>swap</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>交换内容<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="2">
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.B8.B8.E9.87.8F">常量</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<td>值</td>
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<td>效果</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>icase</code></td>
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<td>应当以不考虑大小写进行字符匹配。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>nosubs</code></td>
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<td>进行匹配时，将所有被标记的子表达式 <code><b>(<span class="t-spar">expr</span>)</b></code> 当做非标记的子表达式 <code><b>(?:<span class="t-spar">expr</span>)</b></code> 。不将匹配存储于提供的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-regex-regex_match.html">std::regex_match</a></span> 结构中，且 <code>mark_count()</code> 为零</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>optimize</code></td>
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<td>指示正则表达式引擎进行更快的匹配，带有令构造变慢的潜在开销。例如这可能表示将非确定 FSA 转换为确定 FSA 。</td>
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<td><code>collate</code></td>
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<td>形如 <i>"[a-b]"</i> 的字符范围将对本地环境敏感。</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>multiline</code> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17)</span></td>
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<td>若选择 ECMAScript 引擎，则指定 <code>^</code> 应该匹配行首，而 <code>$</code> 应该匹配行尾。</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>ECMAScript</code></td>
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<td>使用<a href="cpp-regex-ecmascript.html">改 ECMAScript 正则表达式文法</a></td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>basic</code></td>
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<td>使用基本 POSIX 正则表达式文法（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap09.html#tag_09_03">文法文档</a>）。</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>extended</code></td>
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<td>使用扩展 POSIX 正则表达式文法（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap09.html#tag_09_04">文法文档</a>）。</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>awk</code></td>
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<td>使用 POSIX 中 <i>awk</i> 工具所用的正则表达式文法（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/awk.html#tag_20_06_13_04">文法文档</a>）。</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>grep</code></td>
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<td>使用 POSIX 中 <i>grep</i> 工具所用的正则表达式文法。这等效于 <code>basic</code> 选项附带作为另一种分隔符的换行符 '\n' 。</td>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><code>egrep</code></td>
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<td>使用 POSIX 中 <i>grep</i> 工具带 <i>-E</i> 选项所用的正则表达式文法。这等效于 <code>extended</code> 附带 '|' 之外的作为另一种分隔符的换行符 '\n' 。</td>
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<p><code>ECMAScript</code>, <code>basic</code>, <code>extended</code>, <code>awk</code>, <code>grep</code>, <code>egrep</code> 必须选取至多一个文法选项。若不选取文法选项，则设定为选取 <code>ECMAScript</code> 。其他选项作为修饰符工作，从而 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"meow"</span>, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">icase</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 等价于 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"meow"</span>, std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ECMAScript</span><span class="sy3">|</span>std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">regex</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">icase</span><span class="br0">)</span></span></span></p>
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<p><code>basic_regex</code> 中的成员常量是定义于命名空间 <code>std::regex_constants</code> 的 <a href="cpp-regex-syntax_option_type.html">syntax_option_type</a> 常量的副本。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.88.90.E5.91.98.E5.87.BD.E6.95.B0">非成员函数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-swap2.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>std::swap<span class="t-dsc-small">(std::basic_regex)</span></span></span></a></div>
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<div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11)</span></span></span></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>特化 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-algorithm-swap.html">std::swap</a></span> 算法<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(函数模板)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.8E.A8.E5.AF.BC.E6.8C.87.E5.BC.95.28C.2B.2B17_.E8.B5.B7.29"><a href="cpp-regex-basic_regex-deduction_guides.html">推导指引</a><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx17">(C++17 起)</span></span></h3>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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