283 lines
26 KiB
HTML
283 lines
26 KiB
HTML
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<title>std::basic_stringbuf<CharT,Traits,Allocator>::basic_stringbuf</title>
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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading"><span style="font-size:0.7em; line-height:130%">std::basic_stringbuf<CharT,Traits,Allocator>::</span>basic_stringbuf</h1>
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<div id="contentSub"><span class="subpages">< <a href="cpp.html">cpp</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-io.html">io</a>‎ | <a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf.html">basic stringbuf</a></span></div>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span><br />
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<span class="sy4">:</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">}</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(1)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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<tbody class="t-dcl-rev t-dcl-rev-num">
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<td></td>
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<td rowspan="142">(2)</td>
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<td></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-until-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which <span class="sy1">=</span><br />
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-until-cxx11">(C++11 前)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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<tbody>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, Traits, Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s,<br /></span>
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<p> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(3)</td>
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<td class="t-dcl-nopad"></td>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="sy3">&</span> rhs <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="sy1">=</span> delete<span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(4)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx11">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="sy3">&&</span> rhs <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(5)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx11">(C++11 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> Allocator<span class="sy3">&</span> a <span class="br0">)</span><br />
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<span class="sy4">:</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a>, a<span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">}</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(6)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which, <span class="kw4">const</span> Allocator<span class="sy3">&</span> a <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(7)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, Traits, Allocator<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&&</span> s,<br /></span>
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<p> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(8)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p>basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, Traits, SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s,<br />
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<span class="kw4">const</span> Allocator<span class="sy3">&</span> a <span class="br0">)</span><br /></p>
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<span class="sy4">:</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span>s, <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a>, a <span class="br0">)</span> <span class="br0">{</span> <span class="br0">}</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(9)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p>basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, Traits, SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s,<br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a>, <span class="kw4">const</span> Allocator<span class="sy3">&</span> a <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(10)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="kw1">template</span><span class="sy1"><</span><span class="kw1">class</span> SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><br /></span>
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<p><span class="kw1">explicit</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="cpp-string-basic_string.html"><span class="kw1228">std::<span class="me2">basic_string</span></span></a><span class="sy1"><</span>CharT, Traits, SAlloc<span class="sy1">></span><span class="sy3">&</span> s<br />
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1671">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">openmode</span></span></a> which <span class="sy1">=</span><br /></p>
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<a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a> <span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a> <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(11)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl t-since-cxx20">
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<td>
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<div><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">basic_stringbuf<span class="br0">(</span> basic_stringbuf<span class="sy3">&&</span> rhs, <span class="kw4">const</span> Allocator<span class="sy3">&</span> a <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div>
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</td>
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<td>(12)</td>
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<td><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-cxx20">(C++20 起)</span></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dcl-sep">
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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<td></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 默认构造函数。是否初始化序列指针 (<code>eback()</code> 、 <code>gptr()</code> 、 <code>egptr()</code> 、 <code>pbase()</code> 、 <code>pptr()</code> 、 <code>epptr()</code>) 为空指针是实现定义的。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 构造 <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 对象：通过调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-basic_streambuf.html">std::basic_streambuf</a></span> 的默认构造函数初始化基类，以空字符串初始化字符序列，并设置模式为 <code>which</code> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 通过进行同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> 中的的操作构造 <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 对象，随后如同通过调用 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf-str.html">str(new_str)</a></span> 初始化关联字符序列。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">4)</span> 复制构造函数被删除； <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 非<a href="cpp-named_req-CopyConstructible.html"><span style="font-style:italic">可复制构造</span> <span style="font-family: Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', serif; font-style:italic">(CopyConstructible)</span></a> 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">5)</span> 通过从另一 <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 对象 <code>rhs</code> 移动所有状态，包含关联 string 、打开模式、 locale 和所有其他状态，移动构造 <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 对象。移动后，保证 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp"><span class="sy2">*</span>this</span></span> 中 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-basic_streambuf.html">std::basic_streambuf</a></span> 的六个指针异于被移动的 <code>rhs</code> 中的指针，除非它们为空。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">6-7)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1-2)</span> ，除了用 <code>a</code> 构造关联 string 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">8)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(3)</span> ，除了用 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi cpp source-cpp">std<span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">move</span><span class="br0">(</span>s<span class="br0">)</span></span></span> 构造关联 string 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">9-10)</span> 通过进行同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> 中的的操作构造 <code>std::basic_stringbuf</code> 对象，随后以 <code>a</code> 为其分配器，用 <code>s</code> 的内容初始化关联 string 。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">11)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(3)</span> ，除了 <code>s</code> 的分配器的类型不是 <code>Allocator</code> 。此重载仅若 <code>SAlloc</code> 与 <code>Allocator</code> 不是同一类型才参与重载决议。</div>
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<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">12)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(5)</span> ，除了用 <code>a</code> 构造关联 string 。</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
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<table class="t-par-begin">
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>s</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>用于初始化缓冲区的 <code>basic_string</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>a</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>用于构造内部 <code>basic_string</code> 的另一分配器</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>rhs</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>另一 <code>basic_stringbuf</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-par">
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<td>which</td>
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<td>-</td>
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<td>指定流打开模式。它是位掩码类型，定义下列常量：
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc-hitem">
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<td>常量</td>
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<td>解释</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>app</tt></a></td>
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<td>每次写入前寻位到流结尾</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>binary</tt></a></td>
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<td>以<a href="cpp-io-c-FILE.html#.E4.BA.8C.E8.BF.9B.E5.88.B6.E4.B8.8E.E6.96.87.E6.9C.AC.E6.A8.A1.E5.BC.8F">二进制模式</a>打开</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>in</tt></a></td>
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<td>为读打开</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>out</tt></a></td>
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<td>为写打开</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>trunc</tt></a></td>
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<td>在打开时舍弃流的内容</td>
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</tr>
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><tt>ate</tt></a></td>
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<td>打开后立即寻位到流结尾</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
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<p>常由 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringstream.html">std::basic_stringstream</a></span> 的构造函数调用。</p>
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<p>异于 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::in</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::out</a></span> 的打开模式支持级别在实现中各异。 C++11 显式指定 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf-str.html">str()</a></span> 中和此构造函数中支持 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::ate</a></span> ，但 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::app</a></span> 、 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::trunc</a></span> 和 <span class="t-lc"><a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html">std::ios_base::binary</a></span> 在不同实现上有不同效果。</p>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
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<div class="t-example">
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<p>演示直接调用 basic_stringbuf 的构造函数。</p>
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<div class="t-example-live-link"></div>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="cpp source-cpp">
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<pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#include <iostream></span>
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<span class="co2">#include <sstream></span>
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<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="br0">)</span>
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<span class="br0">{</span>
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<span class="co1">// 默认构造函数（ mode = in|out ）</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf.html"><span class="kw1726">std::<span class="me2">stringbuf</span></span></a> buf1<span class="sy4">;</span>
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buf1.<span class="me1">sputc</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'1'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>buf1 <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="co1">// 在尾端模式中的 string 构造函数 (C++11)</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf.html"><span class="kw1726">std::<span class="me2">stringbuf</span></span></a> buf2<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test"</span>, <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a>
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<span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a>
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<span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1677">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">ate</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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buf2.<span class="me1">sputc</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'1'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>buf2 <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="co1">// 后附模式测试（结果在编译器间有别）</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-basic_stringbuf.html"><span class="kw1726">std::<span class="me2">stringbuf</span></span></a> buf3<span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"test"</span>, <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1674">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">in</span></span></a>
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<span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1675">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">out</span></span></a>
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<span class="sy3">|</span> <a href="cpp-io-ios_base-openmode.html"><span class="kw1672">std::<span class="me2">ios_base</span><span class="sy4">::</span><span class="me2">app</span></span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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buf3.<span class="me1">sputc</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'1'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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buf3.<span class="me1">pubseekpos</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="nu0">1</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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buf3.<span class="me1">sputc</span><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">'2'</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<a href="cpp-io-cout.html"><span class="kw1758">std::<span class="me2">cout</span></span></a> <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="sy3">&</span>buf3 <span class="sy1"><<</span> <span class="st0">'<span class="es1">\n</span>'</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
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<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div>
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</div>
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<p>输出：</p>
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<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;">
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<div class="text source-text">
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<pre class="de1">1
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test1
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est12 (Sun Studio) 2st1 (GCC)</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.BC.BA.E9.99.B7.E6.8A.A5.E5.91.8A">缺陷报告</span></h3>
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<p>下列更改行为的缺陷报告追溯地应用于以前出版的 C++ 标准。</p>
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<table class="dsctable" style="font-size:0.8em">
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<tr>
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<th>DR</th>
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<th>应用于</th>
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<th>出版时的行为</th>
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<th>正确行为</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wg21.link/P0935R0">P0935R0</a></td>
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<td>C++11</td>
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<td>默认构造函数曾为 explicit</td>
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<td>使之为隐式</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
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<table class="t-dsc-begin">
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<tr class="t-dsc">
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<td>
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<div class="t-dsc-member-div t-dsc-member-nobold-div">
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<div><a href="cpp-io-basic_stringstream-basic_stringstream.html"><span class="t-lines"><span>(构造函数)</span></span></a></div>
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</div>
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</td>
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<td>构造字符串流<br />
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<span class="t-mark">(<code>std::basic_stringstream<CharT,Traits,Allocator></code> 的公开成员函数)</span></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</div>
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<div class="visualClear"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html>
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